比熱容量的大小是取決於什麼呢?

Specific heat capacity is a measure of the internal energy of a substance. Because internal energy relates to the kinetic and potential energies of molecules. This in turn is governed by the strength of intermolecular force.

Hence, simply speaking, specific heat capacity depends on the strength of intermolecular force between molecules in a given substance, and is affected by molecular structure. The stronger the intermolecular force, the higher is the specific heat capacity of the substance. The reason is straightforward, more (heat) energy is needed to pull apart molecules with strong intermolecular force than molecules under weak intermolecular force.

Another factor that affects the specific heat capacity is the mass of a molecule of the substance. Substance with light molecules contains more number (of molecules) in a unit mass than that with heavy molecules. Hence, light molecular substances usually have specific heat capacity larger than that of heavy molecular substance. This is why hydrogen (the lightest gas) has a high specific heat capacity of 14,000 J/kg-K, more than 3 times that of water.

Therefore, the two major factors that affect specific heat capacity are intermolecular force and mass of molecules.

Specific heat capacity of a matter is depended on its degrees of freedom.
In physics, a degree of freedom of a system is a formal description of a parameter that contributes to the state of a physical system.In mechanics, a body can move independently in the three directions of space. Thus, the momentum of a body consists of three components, each called a degree of freedom. A system of Nindependent particles, therefore, has the total of 3N degrees of freedom.Similarly in statistical mechanics, a degree of freedom is a single scalar number describing the microstate of a system. The specification of all microstates of a system is a point in the system's phase space.It also depend on the mass of the molecule.

C=mc

比热容。取決於物質本身的熱容量同埋mass~

2011-06-09 20:07:51 補充：
比熱容系指 1kg物質升溫1攝氏度所需要ge 能量~

當然係吸收能量所需的焦耳(J)
就好似水的比熱容量是4200J kg^(-1)。c^(-1)
將1kg的水升高1。c需要4200J
比熱容量越大就即係升溫越難,要更多時間
比熱容量小就相反