一個句子，不明白~~~

應該是: What have you bought ?

你不能弄清楚的原因不是這兩句子的解釋或什麼時候什麼關係.

是因為你對各種時式/時態 (TENSES) 的運用和表達空間還未能準確地掌握.

What did you buy ? => Simple Past Tense 簡單過去式

運用:

過去 現在 將來
_______________│_______________
│簡單過去式│

1. 用以表達在過去時間空間裏, 已完成的動作. 句子裏應包含有時間空間的界限.

例: I did this sort of questions when I was in junior high school.
I went Yumcha and visited The Ocean Park yesterday.
When did you do your homework ?

2. 用以表達過去時間空間裏的習慣.

例: I never drank wine.
I learned French in the primary school.

What have you bought ? => Present Perfect Tense 現在完成式

運用:

過去 現在 將來
_______________│_______________
│現在完成式--->

1. 用以表達沒有提供時間空間的過去動作.

例: I have seen this movie. (沒提供時間空間)
I have done my homework. (沒提供時間空間)
What have you bought ? (沒提供時間空間)


2. 用以表達一個在過去開始而仍然進行的動作.

例: I have worked with this company for 2 years. (現在仍然是)
It has been very cold this year. (現在仍然是)
I have read 2 story books this month (提供時間空間, 但現在還是這個月,仍然進行 )

錯誤: I have done my homework yesterday. (提供時間空間是昨天, 現在是今天便是超越了時式的界限)
應該說: I did my homework yesterday.

錯誤: When have you done your homework ? (When是提供時間空間, 指引了時式的界限)
應該說: When did you do your homework ?

如會話說:

John: I went to Ocean Centre yesterday.
Mary: Really, what have you bought ? (錯誤, 因有提供時間空間=yesterday)
應該說: Really, what did you buy ?







2011-06-23 14:20:30 補充：
因字數到了上限, 在這回答你.

是 => 因沒有提供時間空間的過去動作. 例如: yesterday, this morning..等等. 過去動作 = 已完成 或 剛完成 動作 (動作或結果沒改變). 謝謝.

你媽從街市買完餸返來, 可能剛進入門口, 或數分鐘前, 雖然買餸已經完, 你可以說 What have you bought?
你媽上午街市買完餸, 你下午才問, 你要用What did you buy?

如果一個動作影響到現在, 就可用現在完成.

如你用過去式, 那就表示"You bought X"這件事已經跟現在沒相干.

如果"you"剛"buy"完回來, 那就可以用現在完成式.
因為很可能你發問的焦點並不是在"過去"買了甚麼.
你真正的焦點是"現在"這一刻到式已經"bought"了甚麼.

你要記住, simple past 是一種過去式,
而present perfect 是一種現在式

2011-06-09 00:06:03 補充：
如果你叫了"you"出去買火柴,
現在"you"回來了, 你會說 "Did you buy any matches"嗎?
還是用現在完成式呢?

但是, 如果你問"you"在哪裡買火柴, 你會用現在完成式嗎?
還是"Where did you buy the matches" 呢?

當你問有沒有買火柴時, 你的焦點是"現在"有沒有火柴. 所以用現在完成.
但問哪裡買時, 你的焦點是"過去", "buy"這個動作在哪發生. 用過去式.

What did you buy?

We won't use present perfect tense as the action mother bought is happened in the past only and it's not to keep going to do from the past to the present continuously. So, using past tense 's ok.

by Jeffrey

http://cytc-jeffrey.blogspot.com/

What have you bought,because your mother just came back!!!