Grammar, Help !! thx

我自己的意見, 唔一定正確, 各c hing 請賜教.

the machine need fixing.
the machine need to be fixed.
前者用gerund 做object, 後者用 to-infinitive. 意思上沒有分別.

colliding
collision
前者是動詞-ing形式, 可以用來做(present) participle adjective
後者是個名詞.
前者用來描敍某物正在相撞或者某物撞擊其他物件(present participle adj 有進行和主動兩類意義.) 這個-ing形式多數不會用來做gerund.
後者意思是碰撞, 指一次次的碰撞.

fun
funny
前者是名詞, 可以解作樂趣 或 開心的事.
後者是形容詞, 意思是有趣的
e.g. it is fun (這是一件開心的事) it is funny (它很有趣)

vaporation
vaporization
前者似乎查無此詞, 但是有evaporation, 意思是蒸發, 名詞.
後者是汽化, 也是名詞.
我不清楚蒸發/汽化 有何分別, 不如請教物理學.

the book is fun.
playing chess is funny.
is funny 是說某個東西是有趣的,
is fun 是說某個活動是一件趣事.

{in (the) hospital}
用不用也可以, 但情形不同
用the 的話就是說"在已知的某醫院"
不用the 的話就是說"在醫院"
如何從二擇其一就要視乎上下文

what is the difference btw,

1.the machine needs fixing.= 2.the machine needs to be fixed.

1.colliding = a bus is colliding with a van in the corner of the street.
2.collision = A bus is in collision with a van in the corner of the street.

1.fun = Swimming is fun. It is fun to go swimming.
2.funny = She has a funny face. It is a funny story book.

1.vaporation = sorry , have to get back to you later as I am not certain what vaporization means.
2.vaporization

choose the correct one.
1.the book is fun. = Reading booking is fun. It is fun to read this book
2.the book is funny. = better say - It is a funny book.

1.playing chess is fun. = correct
2.playing chess is funny. = wrong

{in (the) hospital}, is the sentence need "the" or not?

He works in hospital. = generally we say so.
He works in the hospital near our school - refer to a particular one.

When we say the hospital, it refers to a particular one like