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Example 1:
Iron is used as the catalyst in the Haber process to produce ammonia.
nitrogen + hydrogen ⇌ ammonia .. (Fe as catalyst)
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) .. (Fe as catalyst)
Example 2:
Platinum (or copper) is used as the catalyst in the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to give nitrogen monoxide.
ammonia + oxygen → nitrogen monoxide .. (Pt or Cu as catalyst)
4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) → 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) .. (Pt or Cu as catalyst)
Example 3:
Platinum (or vanadium(V) oxide) is used as the catalyst in the contact process to produce sulphur trioxide from sulphur dioxide.
sulphur dioxide + oxygen ⇌ sulphur trioxide .. (Pt or V2O5 as catalyst)
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) .. (Pt or V2O5 as catalyst)
Example 4:
Nickel (or platinum) is used as the catalyst in the catalytic hydrogenation of ethene.
ethene + hydrogen → ethane .. (Ni or Pt as catalyst)
CH2=CH2(g) + H2(g) → CH3CH3(g) .. (Ni or Pt as catalyst)