✔ 最佳答案
您好,我看過這整篇原文,某些地方特別加入一些字眼以利解讀,並試著盡量用比較正式但口語化的方式呈現出來,希望對您有所幫助。
Caregivers are taught to start with 50–100 ml after each loose stool in children less than two years of age and 100–200 ml after each loose stool in children older than two years. Important in cases of vomiting, is to give small quantities of fluid at a time, to prevent immediate vomiting due to vagal nerve irritation.
照顧者被教導使用口服補液鹽 (ORS)時,小於兩歲的孩童於每次腹瀉後,由50-100毫升的劑量開始給予,大於兩歲的孩童則於每次腹瀉後由100-200毫升的劑量開始給予。給嘔吐個案補充體液時,非常重要的一點是每次只能補充少量液體,以免刺激迷走神造成立即性嘔吐。
loose stool, also called diarrhea。在這裡我用''腹瀉''表達,你也可以翻成''拉肚子''或''解稀便''。
due to means "caused by" 嘔吐原因很多,這裡是指迷走神經受刺激引發的立即性嘔吐。
Table III compares commercially available rehydration solutions with that proposed by the WHO and South African Paediatric Association.
表三,比較世界衛生組織和南非兒科協會對市售補液溶液(在此指ORS)的建議量。
The mother can also be taught to mix a home prepared solution with one litre of boiled and cooled down water, eight teaspoons of sugar and half a teaspoon salt. It is however imperative to give written instructions to the mother, because confusion between the quantities of salt and sugar to be added can lead to severe hypernatraemia with devastating neurological consequences.
此外,也可以教導母親如何在家自己製作、調配溶液,先將一公升煮沸的開水冷卻,混合八茶匙的糖和半茶匙的鹽。無論如何,給予母親一份書面的說明書是相當重要的,因為調配時如果搞混了鹽(量)和糖(量)的比例,將會導致嚴重的高鈉血症和極具危險性的神經性反應。
Children who vomit continuously or refuse ORS can be rehydrated via nasogastric tube. Cases of failed oral rehydration, shock, or contra-indications to oral rehydration such as paralytic ileus will need intravenous rehydration. Once children are rehydrated, continued ORS should be given to replace ongoing losses till the diarrhoea has stopped.
當孩童出現持續性嘔吐、或拒絕進食口服補液鹽時,可以藉由鼻胃管補充體液。對於無法口服補液者、休克、或有口服補液的禁忌症,如麻痺性腸阻塞者,就需要靜脈輸液補充體液。一但孩童脫離脫水現象(補充體液後;體液恢復平衡後),仍應繼續給予口服補液鹽以補償持續流失的體液,直到腹瀉完全停止。