In simple terms, "energy" is the capacity of a system to do work. Some of the many forms of energy are:Mechanical energy, which includes- Potential energy, stored in a system.- Kinetic energy, from the movement of matter.Radiant or solar energy, which comes from the light and warmth of the sun.Thermal energy, associated with the heat of an object.Chemical energy, stored in the chemical bonds of molecules.Electrical energy, associated with the movement of electrons.Electromagnetic energy, associated with light waves (including radio waves, microwaves, x-rays, infrared waves).Nuclear energy, found in the nuclear structure of atoms.One form of energy can be converted to another form. This transfer is based on the law of conservation of energy.
The followings are examples of energy conversion:
- Humans converted energy from one form to another when they lit the first fire. By burning wood, they released the chemical energy stored in the bonds of the wood molecules, generating thermal energy, or heat.
- A battery generates electrons from chemical reactions, which are used to make electrical energy.
- A toaster takes electrical energy and converts it to heat.
- Your leg converts the chemical energy stored in your muscles into kinetic energy when you pedal a bicycle.
There are still more examples of energy conversion found in the following web-page, which is suitable to be read by Form 1 students:
http://www.api.org/classroom/curricula/what-is-energy.cfm