✔ 最佳答案
求下列溶液的 pH 與 pOH
E 1. [H⁺]=0.00047 M
2. [OH⁻]=2.0 × 10⁻⁶ M
1.
pH = -log(0.00047) = 3.33
pOH = 14 - 3.33 = 10.67
2.
pOH = -log(2.0 x 10⁻⁶) = 5.70
pH = 14 - 5.70 = 8.30
= = = = =
0.2 M的NH4NO3溶液,其水解百分率為多少?此溶液的pH值為多少?
(Kb = 1.8 × 10⁻⁵)
NH4⁺(aq) ⇌ NH3(aq) + H⁺(aq)
平衡時:
設 [NH3] = [H⁺] = y M
[NH4⁺] = (0.2 - y) M ≈ 0.2 M (假設 0.2 >> y)
Kh = [NH3][H⁺]/[NH4⁺] = Kw/Ka
y²/0.2 = (1 x 10⁻¹⁴)/(1.8 x 10⁻⁵)
y = 1.05 x 10⁻⁵ M
水解百分率 = [(1.05 x 10⁻⁵)/0.2] x 100% = 0.00525%
pH = -log(1.05 x 10⁻⁵) = 4.98
= = = = =
需加入多少克的KC2H3O2於100 ml 0.12 M的HC2H3O2溶液中,使此緩衝溶液的pH值為5.0?(Ka = 6.2 × 10⁻⁸)
pH ≈ pKa - log([HC2H3O2]o/[C2H3O2⁻]o)
5 = -log(6.2 x 10⁻⁸) - log(0.12/[C2H3O2⁻]o)
[C2H3O2⁻]o = 7.44 x 10⁻⁴ M
[KC2H3O2]o = 7.44 x 10⁻⁴ M
KC2H3O2 莫耳數 = (7.44 x 10⁻⁴) x (100/1000) = 7.44 x 10⁻⁵ mol
KC2H3O2 式量 = 39 + 12x2 + 1x3 + 16x2 = 98
需加入KC2H3O2 重量 = (7.44 x 10⁻⁵) x 98 = 7.29 x 10⁻³ g
2011-01-14 02:22:25 補充:
一些上標太小,看不清楚。
第2題:
......
y^2/0.2 = (1 x 10^-14) / (1.8 x 10^-5)
y = 1.05 x 10^-5 M
水解百分率 = [(1.05 x 10^-5) / 0.2] x 100% = 0.00525%
pH = -log(1.05 x 10^-5) = 4.98
2011-01-14 02:24:42 補充:
第3題:
[C2H3O2⁻]o = 7.44 x 10^-4 M
[KC2H3O2]o = 7.44 x 10^-4 M
KC2H3O2 莫耳數 = (7.44 x 10^-4) x (100/1000) = 7.44 x 10^-5 mol
KC2H3O2 式量 = 39 + 12x2 + 1x3 + 16x2 = 98
需加入KC2H3O2 重量 = (7.44 x 10^-5) x 98 = 7.29 x 10^-3 g
參考: micatkie, micatkie, micatkie