1. Normal burial
2. Cremation
3. Promessa AB Ecological Funeral
4. Eco-friendly coffins
5. Aquamation
6. Dissolution
7. Responsible funeral
8. Sky burial
9. Body Farm
Funeral Alternatives (“Promession”)
a process where corpses are freeze-dried, shaken into a powder, and then put in a biodegradable coffin. Developed in Sweden, the process was apparently created as a response to limited burial space and to reduce the pollution emitted from burning dental fillings during traditional cremation
Eco-friendly Coffins
Made from biodegradable material such as bamboo, wicker, recycled cardboard or an ecopod (Made by hand from recycled newspapers and hand finished with paper made from 100% mulberry pulp, the Ecopod is available in a range of colours with screen printed motifs, plain white, or gold.)
Ecopod: http://www.ecopod.co.uk/
(Possibly link with woodland/forest burial??)
Aquamation
The process involves the rapid disintegration of the human body into high quality fertilizers. In comparison with cremation about 10% of energy is used and all of the associated pollution is avoided.
With Aquamation, an individual body is placed in a clean, stainless steel vessel. A combination of water flow, temperature (~90C) and alkalinity are used to accelerate the natural course of tissue hydrolysis. Typically the process takes about four hours to complete.
Dissolution
in acid or a solution of lye, followed by disposal as liquid.
Advocates claim the process is more environmentally friendly than both cremation and burial, due to CO2 emissions and embalming fluids respectively. On the other hand, many find the idea of being "poured down the drain" to be undignified.
“Responsible Funerals”
CO2 neutral
Responsible Funerals minimise the distances travelled by vehicle, the energy used in between the time of death and the funeral and utilise specially sourced coffins, from the range below. In addition to being fully 'offset', each for each Responsible Funeral, a tree will be planted in the United Kingdom as part of the Tree Tribute scheme.
Sky Burial
was once a common funerary practice in Tibet wherein a human corpse is cut in specific locations and placed on a mountaintop, exposing it to the elements or the mahabhuta and animals – especially to birds of prey.
The majority of Tibetans adhere to Buddhism, which teaches rebirth. There is no need to preserve the body, as it is now an empty vessel. Birds may eat it, or nature may let it decompose. So the function of the sky burial is simply the disposal of the remains.
Body Farm
A body farm is a research facility where human decomposition can be studied in a variety of settings. The aim is to gain a better understanding of the decomposition process, permitting the development of techniques for extracting information (such as the timing and circumstances of death) from human remains. Body farm research is particularly important withinforensic anthropology and related disciplines, and has applications in the fields of law enforcement and forensic science. Five such facilities exist in the United States with the research facility at Texas State University being the largest.