chem **URGENT!!

2010-09-15 7:39 am
Why Si-O bond has higher bond energy than the C-O bond?

回答 (1)

2010-09-15 10:32 am
✔ 最佳答案
my opinion:
silicon has vacant low-energy 3d-orbitals, which allows sideway overlapping with oxygen's lone pair in p-orbital. this gives some pi-bond character to the original sigma-bond, in effect strengthens the Si-O bond.
on the other hand, carbon does not have low-lying orbitals for this kind of interaction. (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, LUMO, with matched symmetry and orientation is 3p, which is much higher-energy and orbital-mixing would not be efficient).

of course overlapping of O's 2p with Si's 3d is not very efficient (consider energy difference and size), but it's still more favourable than C-O's sideway overlapping. thus Si-O is somewhat stronger than C-O.

... and you can now relate the bond strength to bond energy.


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