Improvement一詞多問

2010-06-21 6:10 am
Improvement一詞多問
剛剛查看多本字典有關improvement的例句,
1. Extremely crude estimates suggest some improvement over the last two years.
2. We need to carry out some improvements to the system.
3. Our results have shown some improvement this month.
4. I cannot see any improvement in your writing.

而查Yahoo!字典顯示:
改進,改善;增進[U][C][(+in)]
有時係[U],有時係[C], 什麼時候是可數,什麼時候不可數?
有為什麼有的需要加s,有的不需要?

另外,

1. There has been continual improvement in standards.
2. There has been a certain improvement in living conditions.
3. Painting the room yellow is a great improvement.
4. Learning from experience is a recipe for continuous improvement.

為什麼2,3的improvement前需要冠詞a,但是1,4則不需要?
如果我在第3句+了a,
即: Learning from experience is a recipe for a continuous improvement.
和 There has been a continual improvement in standards.
咁係咪即係錯呢?

可能問得有點複雜,請不要介意!Thank you!

回答 (1)

2010-06-21 7:24 pm
✔ 最佳答案
問得一點也不複雜,而且表達清楚你對這個字的興趣。

其實正正由於它本身沒有量化的必定性,所以作者要用其他的文法技倆來告訴讀者他決定這字的意思-是多種個別(不同)的improvements還是一種綜合的improvement理念。同時讀者亦從詞是有s還是無s來決定理解作者想表達那一個意思。

1. Extremely crude estimates suggest some improvement over the last two years.
some improvement:some理論上應該是prual的,但作者沒有當成countable的improvement,而從沒有s看出是uncountable的「改進想法」而不是「改進實務」,所以沒有一些(some)東西可以count出來。

2. We need to carry out some improvements to the system.
some improvement:對比上題,這裏作者表達這些是一些可以count出來的「改進實務」,是可以執行(carry out)的,不是理念。

3. Our results have shown some improvement this month.
some improvement:對比1題,這裏作者表達這些是一些表現,並不需要或不想進一步量化個別result(s)的改進是甚麼,只是籠統地說帶來「改進」的「狀況」,所以是理念,不是實體。

4. I cannot see any improvement in your writing.
這沒有一丁點「進步」亦是一種理念/狀況,如果文章之前分析他寫作的不同技巧和表現,之後總結時還是可以用I cannot see any improvements in your writing.這樣寫法意思是表達他「所有實際」的改進都沒有。

1. There has been continual improvement in standards.
這裏作者表達這些是整體的表現,並不需要或不是量化持續改進有多少東西。

2. There has been a certain improvement in living conditions.
這裏作者表達在眾多生活狀態中只有「一樣」有點改進或只有某「一點」上有改進。所以用a來把「改進」的理念中量化表示是有一些實質內容的。

3. Painting the room yellow is a great improvement.
這裏作者表達painting yellow是「一項」改善,由於這裏指出一項實質的東西,所以improvement是countable的,因此除了文法上必須要加上「一」an improvement外,含意可能是this is one of many improvements available/possible,就選顏色也可以有不選擇吧,而這色是一項「非常好」 a great improvement.

4. Learning from experience is a recipe for continuous improvement.
continous improvement跟1的理由相同,是一種理念,而不是數算改進的實體有些甚麼或多少。 如果改動作者的用意:要表示continous imrpovement是量化的多種改進,或許可以這樣寫:Learning from experience is a recipe of continuous improvements. 留意改用了of而不是用for。for是連接把前面東西達致for後面的東西;但of則是表達前面是後面的一部份,所以後面東西便要是眾多東西中包括前面那樣,這樣便把improvement變為要可數並要成為眾數。


收錄日期: 2021-04-11 17:39:56
原文連結 [永久失效]:
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