dry place but have lots of rain fall?

2010-05-05 8:19 am
like for example urunga australia is located 30 degrees south latitude, whcih should be expected to be dry but it actuall have 2 meters of rainfall each year. how could that happen?

回答 (1)

2010-05-05 10:28 am
✔ 最佳答案
The average rainfall on earth is roughly one meter per year. If it rains 2 meters at Urunga, then it is a lot. The latitude 30 S (or 30 N, for the matter) is the place where one finds most of the deserts on earth. This is because it is situated between what is called the Hadley cell (warm air rising at the equator and coming down near the tropics) and the Farrel cell (polar front air rising and coming down near the tropics).

But there is more to it.
If you look, e.g. at the South Atlantic, you notice that the coast of Namibia is very dry. The desert actually goes all the way to the shoreline. But, at the same latitude, in South America, you are in the south of Brazil and the coast is much more humid and fertile.

This is because the winds are mostly easterly at those latitudes and while I have never been to Australia (in fact, I live at the antipode, Norway) I am pretty sure that the prevailing winds in Urunga are easterly or perhaps, south-easterly. That brings a lot of moisture from the sea to the coast. I don't know the terrain either but if Urunga has mountains on the west side, then it starts to make sense. Mild and moist air from the ocean rushes in and is then lifted by the mountains. As it does, the air cools down by adiabatic effect and moisture condenses into clouds and then rain.

This is called an orographic effect. The convection (rising air) is not caused by a low pressure but by the terrain. 'Oro' means, mountain, in Greek.


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