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Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港) is one of the two special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China; the other is Macau. Situated on China's south coast and
enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it
is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With
land mass of 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi) and a population of seven
million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95% ethnic Chinese and 5% from other groups.

Hong
Kong became a colony of the British Empire after the First Opium War (1839–42). Originally
confined to Hong Kong Island, the colony's boundaries
were extended in stages to the Kowloon Peninsula and the New Territories by 1898. It was occupied by Japan during the Pacific War, after which the British resumed
control until 1997, when China regained sovereignty. The Basic Law
stipulates that Hong Kong shall enjoy a "high degree of autonomy" in all
matters except foreign relations and military defence.

參考資料


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong#Geography_and_climate

The name "Hong Kong" is an approximate phonetic rendering of the Cantonese pronunciation of the spoken Cantonese or Hakka name "香港", meaning "fragrant harbour" in English.

Before 1842, the name Hong Kong originally referred to a small inlet (now Aberdeen Harbour/Little Hong Kong) between the island of Ap Lei Chau and the south side of Hong Kong Island. The inlet was one of the first points of contact between British sailors and local fishermen.

The reference to fragrance may refer to the harbour waters sweetened by the fresh water estuarine influx of the Pearl River, or to the incense factories lining the coast to the north of Kowloon which was stored around Aberdeen Harbour for export, before the development of Victoria Harbour. In 1842, the Treaty of Nanking was signed, and the name Hong Kong was first recorded on official documents to encompass the entirety of the island.