✔ 最佳答案
樓主要搞清楚一樣野
Anionic detergent只係清潔劑既一種類別
當中係包括無數隻唔同既detergent,我地係冇可能數晒d formula出黎
當然既然有anionic,就可以有cationic
而soap同soapless detergent又係另外兩個唔同既類別,亦包括無數隻既detergent
至於以上果d類別點樣黎就係睇佢個molecular structure
anionic detergent就係個detergent本身係一個anion,靠一個唔係detergent既cation做charge balance,例如Na+
soap就係其中一種
例如樓主舉果個soap可以咁樣拆開黎睇:
[CH3(CH2)16COO]- 同Na+
前面果part anion就係個detergent有用果part,即係hydrophobic既carbon chain同hydrophilic head喺晒anion度,而Na+就係冇用既,純粹做charge balance,而分佢係anionic定cationic就係睇究竟係個cation定anion有detergent既功效,而呢個detergent因為係anion有效,所以係anionic detergent
喺度講多少少
係可以有cationic detergent既
cationic detergent可以係咁既
[CH3(CH2)17NH3]+ Cl-
今次就係cation果part有detergent既功效,因為個hydrophobic carbon chain同埋個hydrophilic head 喺晒個cation度,而個Cl- 就係純粹做charge balance
仲有一d係neutral既detergent
即係呢個detergent係以polar molecule既形式存在
即係有一part係non-polar既carbon chain,有一part可能係一d不知名既polar野組成
譬如佢可以係咁:
HO─CH2
│
CH3(CH2)16COO──CH
│
HO─CH2
polar果part就係果d OH group,係hydrophilic;non-polar果part就係果條carbon chain,係hydrophobic
呢個係一個neutral molecule,所以係一種非cationic亦非anionic既detergent