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I presume that you are using a mobile hpone or a cordless phone, but not a fixed-line one.
When a mobile phone or cordless phone is in operation, there is a continuous transmission and reception of elctromagnetic waves by the phone. The electric field and magnetic field intensities close to the phone is usally quite strong. For common moving coil loudspeakers, there a coil inside. When you place the phone near the loudspeaker, the time varying magnetic field emitted from the phone causes induced current in the loudspeaker coil. This induced current disturbs the oscillating movement of the coil and is heard as some unusual noices.