Questions about ph!(20 points)

1.
All strong acids in a sufficient concentration to make the concentration of hydrogen ions higher than 1 M would have pH lower than 0. For example, all of 2 M nitric acid, 2 M hydrochloric acid and 1 M sulphuric acid have pH lower than 0.


2.
All alkali metals and some alkaline earth metals can react with water to form hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide solutions. The metal hydroxide solutions are strong alkali because they contain high concentrations of hydroxide ions.
For example, sodium reacts with water to give hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide solution. Sodium hydroxide solution is a strong alkali.
2Na(s) + 2H2­O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
One more example, calcium reacts with water to give hydrogen gas and calcium hydroxide solution. Calcium hydroxide solution is a strong alkali.
Ca(s) + 2H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2­(g)