「明令」是甚麼意思 ?

舉例:
The production of such agricultural means of production as pesticides, veterinary drugs and agricultural machinery, which the State has publicly ordered to be obsolete, shall be forbidden.
禁止生产国家明令淘汰的农药、兽药、农业机械等农业生产资料。禁止生產國家明令淘汰的農藥、獸藥、農業機械等農業生產資料。" Never mind that polygamy is illegal in all 50 states. " Never mind that polygamy is illegal in all 50 states.
他们才不管一夫多妻在美国全部50个州都明令为非法。他們才不管一夫多妻在美國全部50個州都明令為非法。
In 393 AD Emperor Theodosius I, who was a Christian, banned the Games as pagan shows. In 393 AD Emperor Theodosius I, who was a Christian, banned the Games as pagan shows.
公元393年，皇帝狄奥多西一世，一个基督教徒，把奥运会当作异教徒的表演出明令加以禁止。公元393年，皇帝狄奧多西一世，一個基督教徒，把奧運會當作異教徒的表演出明令加以禁止。
[8] A resolution demanding that the Kuomintang government convene a national assembly and establish a constitutional government at a fixed date was passed at the Fourth Session of the People's Political Council in September 1939, on the proposal of the Communist Party and the democrats of other parties and groups. [8] A resolution demanding that the Kuomintang government convene a national assembly and establish a constitutional government at a fixed date was passed at the Fourth Session of the People's Political Council in September 1939, on the proposal of the Communist Party and the democrats of other parties and groups.
〔8〕一九三九年九月国民参政会第一届第四次会议，根据中国共产党和其他党派民主人士的提议，通过了要求国民党政府明令定期召集国民大会实行宪政的决议。〔8〕一九三九年九月國民參政會第一屆第四次會議，根據中國共產黨和其他黨派民主人士的提議，通過了要求國民黨政府明令定期召集國民大會實行憲政的決議。
In 1951, the Central People's Government promulgated the Directives on the Handling of the Titles, Names of Places, Tablets and Signboards Which Are Discriminative and Insulting to Ethnic Minorities. In 1951, the Central People's Government promulgated the Directives on the Handling of the Titles, Names of Places, Tablets and Signboards Which Are Discriminative and Insulting to Ethnic Minorities.
1951年，中央人民政府颁布《关于处理带有歧视或侮辱少数民族性质的称谓、地名、碑碣、匾联的指示》，明令废止对少数民族带有歧视性、侮辱性的称谓、地名等。1951年，中央人民政府頒布《關於處理帶有歧視或侮辱少數民族性質的稱謂、地名、碑碣、匾聯的指示》，明令廢止對少數民族帶有歧視性、侮辱性的稱謂、地名等。

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