✔ 最佳答案
假設買N個數字,共C(49,N)組合
只買中四個半字的組合 = C(6,4)*C(1,1)* C(42,N-5)
6為中奬數字,1為特別號碼,42為不中號碼
只買中五個或五個半字組合 = C(6,5)*C(43,N-5)
買中六個或六個半字組合 = C(6,6)*C(43,N-6)
買中四個半字或以上機率 P = [C(6,4)*C(1,1)* C(42,N-5) + C(6,5)*C(43,N-5) + C(6,6)*C(43,N-6)] / C(49,N)
= (15N^2 - 1670N + 47707)N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4) / (49*48*47*46*45*44*43)
買中四個字或以下機率 = 1 - P
1 - P <= P
P >= 1/2
(15N^2 - 1670N + 47707)N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4) / (49*48*47*46*45*44*43) >= 1/2
為一元七次方不等式,不易作數學分析.唯N為整數 6<=N<=49
利用Excel 續一計算, 得
N = 31 => P = 0.4875
N = 32 => P = 0.5373
所以要買32個數字,才能使買中四個半字或以上機率高於買中四個字或以下機率
2009-11-30 23:50:44 補充:
[C(6,4)*C(42,N-5) + C(6,5)*C(43,N-5) + C(6,6)*C(43,N-6)]/C(49,N)
Numerator 15*{42!/[(N-5)!(47-N)!]} + 6{43!/[(N-5)!(48-N)!]} + 43!/[(N-6)!(49-N)!]
= 42!/[(N-6)!(47-N)!]{15/(N-5) + 6*43/[(N-5)(48-N)] + 43/[(48-N)(49-N)]}
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!][15(48-N)(49-N) + 6*43(49-N) + 43(N-5)]
2009-11-30 23:51:31 補充:
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!](35280 – 1455N + 15N^2 + 12642 – 258N + 43N – 215)
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!](15N^2 – 1670N + 47707)
Denomintor C(49,N) = 49! / [N!(49-N)!] = 49*48*47*46*45*43*42!/[N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4)(N-5)!(49-N)!]
Numerator/Denominator=(15N^2-1670N+47707)N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4)/(49*48*47*46*45*44*43)
2009-11-30 23:53:13 補充:
[C(6,4)*C(42,N-5) + C(6,5)*C(43,N-5) + C(6,6)*C(43,N-6)]/C(49,N)
Numerator 15*{42!/[(N-5)!(47-N)!]} + 6{43!/[(N-5)!(48-N)!]} + 43!/[(N-6)!(49-N)!]
= 42!/[(N-6)!(47-N)!]{15/(N-5) + 6*43/[(N-5)(48-N)] + 43/[(48-N)(49-N)]}
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!][15(48-N)(49-N) + 6*43(49-N) + 43(N-5)]
2009-11-30 23:53:40 補充:
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!](35280 – 1455N + 15N^2 + 12642 – 258N + 43N – 215)
= 42!/[(N-5)!(49-N)!](15N^2 – 1670N + 47707)
Denomintor C(49,N) = 49! / [N!(49-N)!] = 49*48*47*46*45*43*42!/[N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4)(N-5)!(49-N)!]
Numerator/Denominator=(15N^2-1670N+47707)N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)(N-4)/(49*48*47*46*45*44*43)
2009-12-05 22:43:00 補充:
一樣可以用Excel,只是想看看有無辦法唔用Excel,結果唔得.