全音和半音

1. 2. 一個全音(whole tone)等於兩個半音(semitone), eg. C - C# is 半音, C# - D is 半音, so C - C# + C# - D (C - D)is 全音.

3. 大調有5個全音, eg C major, C - D, D - E, F - G, G - A, A - B,你看看 keyboard, C - D 中間有一個black key, so are the rest.

4. 大調有2個半音, eg, C major, E - F, B - C. E - F and E - F中間沒有black key. G major, 半音係 B - C, F# - G, F# - G 中間沒有key, they are closely next to each other.

5. 6. Harmonic minor 有3個全音, 2個半音, eg. C minor key signature Bb, Eb, Ab, rasied 7th note: you play CDEbFGAbBC. C - D(全音), D - Eb(半音), Eb - F(全音), F - G(全音), G - Ab(半音), Ab - B(augmented 2nd), B - C(半音).
Melodic minor ascending raised 6th and 7th, 有5個全音, 2個半音, eg. C minor you play CDEbFGABC, so C -D(全音), D - Eb(半音), Eb - F(全音), F - G(全音), G - A(全音), A - B(全音), B - C(半音). Descending just followed key signature, 有5個全音, 2個半音, you play CBbAbGFEbDC, so C - Bb(全音), Bb - Ab(全音), Ab -G(半音), G - F(全音), F - Eb(全音), Eb - D(半音), D - C(全音).