You need to know your log laws to do these two questions. I suggest you go and revise them. Here are the solutions:
4e^8x = 7
e^8x = 7/4
ln e^8x = ln (7/4)
8xln(e) = ln (7/4) Note ln(e) = 1
8x = ln (7/4)
x = 1/8 ln (7/4)
Wack that in your calculator for a numerical approximation.
For the next one, instead of using natural log ( log to base e, which is "ln" on your calculator ), we use log to base 10, written with a "log" on your calculator.