F.4 物理題目(急...)0v0

1)為什麼一般的顏色水不可以用來製造玻璃管液體溫計?
Water is not a good liquid to be used in thermometer. Normally, substances expand on heating and contract on cooling. But water expands, instead of contracts, when the temperature falls from 4'C to 0'C. Hence, if water is used in thermometer, the water column will rise, instead of fall, when the temperature drops from 4'C to 0'C. Such abnormal property forbids water to be used in thermometer.

(2)為什麼不應把體溫計放入滾水中消毒?試提出體溫計的消毒方法.
Clinical thermometer measures body temperature, normally in a range around 37'C. If a clincial thermometer is placed in boiling water that is of temperature 100'C. The temperature is outside the range mesurable by the themometer. As a result, the rapid expanding of the mercury column would break the glass stem and the thermometer will be broken.
Using alcohol to sterilize clinical themometer.

(3)為什麼護士在替病人量度體溫前會先搖動體溫計?
There is a restriction on the glass stem of a clinical themometer to prevent the mercury thread to fall rapidly after the thermometer is taken out from the mouth of the patient, such that reading of the body temperature can be taken. Flicking the themometer before another use is to ensure that all remaining mercury in the glass stem would return to the reservoir at the bottom of the thermometer.

(4)熱傳遞是怎樣發生的?
Heat conducts from places of high temperature to those of lower temperature along a substance. That is to say, whenever there is a temperature difference on a substance, conduction takes place.
Thermal conduction can be explained by the transfer of vibrational kinetic energy of free electrons in a substance from the high temperature end to the low temperature end.