How can she get a Chinese passport and work in Japan?

Yes, there is a lot of discrimination in China against minorities. However, all births are required to be registered and all citizens are required to have identification cards . . . not just minorities.

Your friends are going to have to register her birth with the government. It's not that big of a deal. If they want the little girl to have a better chance at life, they are going to have to face the realities of their situation and start with step one . . . registration.

From there, she will need to get a passport.

From there, she will need to get permission to travel.

In all likelihood, given her age and the fact that she's from a poor family (unable to show a means of support), it is unlikely she will be allowed to leave the country.

I find it a bit hard to believe that no one in the "tribe" is willing to take this little girl into their homes to avoid an orphanage. You mention "family" . . . who are they? Are the grandparents the only family members left? Where are her parents? Could it be that she, being a girl, is "disposable"? (Yes, Uyghur families are patriarchal and favor male children over female as well as the Han Chinese.)

I'm not saying these things to be mean or cruel . . . just stating the facts as they exist.

You can always contact the Japanese Embassy to ask for humanitarian aid.

Additionally, there is a very large joint venture orphanage outside Tianjin that may be able to provide some aid and information:

http://www.popus.com/about.html

Good luck.

Look.

1. you CAN'T keep ranting about "Chinese being automatically discriminative" and expect real chinese to offer some real opinion/advise. be nice and respectful to people especially when you need their help.

Minorities had always been discriminated, no matter what country it is. it's a fact. a fact that don't escape any country, not USA, not Singapore and definitely not Japan.

Muslim terrorists mainly target the west. they don't usually target Chinese/asians, so not much reason for the China Chinese to be afraid of them. it was a really weird and no brainer idea.
If that's really the case, how come so many of them are selling delicious food on beijing and shanghai streets?

Some reasons for why city people might be "afraid" of them.
Some Uyghur in Shanghai and Beijing (esp those young ladies or women with children) make stealing a living. I got my cell phone stolen twice by them, the second time they were caught but I don't know for what reason they were set free quickly by the police. Some shops after several bad experience with them tend to be weary of them. I am NOT saying all, neither most, but a small % who does it often is enough to keep everyone on the look out.

elderly have not been to cities for 20-30 yrs mainly because they dont have the money and why do they wanna go to city for? and since they have not been to the city for 20-30yrs how would they know what it's like right now? I mean Koreans used to really dislike Japanese, to the extend there was almost no japanese brand or people in Korea. But you do see a lot of of them in Korea right now and most people are fine with each other right now.

coming to the REAL topic.
If you really have the will, there's a way. my cousin was adopted in China, and my auntie (Singaporean, migrated to england, now holding england passport) was unable to conceive and decided to adopt a Chinese girl from China. The girl was without a birth cert too. my auntie has good relationship with "some people" and somehow they 'made' a birth cert that says my auntie actually give birth to her in China.

I suggest you go around the corners. It will be wonderful if you actually have close Chinese friends(born and grew in china). or find trust worthy people who can help you.

asking hospital is a good start. (dont ask openly) go to a hospital see a gynae and slowly approach the topic. tell them the situation pitifully and NICELY, show them the kid. if it don't work you may need to pay them money (don't immediately approach them with money, some people dont buy that) ask if they can make you a birth cert. It's alot easier to do such things in a smaller scaled and far away from city hospital. They might pretend they dont know. Try other hospital. It can be costly, time cosuming and takes a lot of effort without a resourceful Chinese friend. after the birth cert, then you can register her for a real passport.

and if she looks like chinese, say she's a chinese. if not, doesnt matter really, since you are so sure chinese discriminate and scared of them them, then i'm sure they will want her outta the country, more easy for your adoption isn't it.

And If you are sincere about this adoption, you might want to wait till she's sent into an orphange. orphange dont eat or torture little girls like you've read in your newspaper. Or just go up to where you supposed to go and file for her birth cert, China is seriously not as scary as what your TV said it to be. tell them the situation sincerely and nicely, not in a "YOU MUST DO IT" kind of tone. dont go in and start off by saying, "you know China's situation is bad, you all discriminate them and treat them like terrorist so just give her to me" be nice and respectful. If you are going to be quick in jumping into conclusions, assuming, disrespecting and imaging Chinese as big bad wolf. NO ONE will help you. seriously.

on the last note, despite my sarcasm I sincerely hope it work out. I think all children need a loving mother.

Sorry, but Japan won't allow anyone in the country without the proper paper work. The girl will need a passport to enter Japan.
Your heart is in the right place, but I don't think this can happen legally.

Unfortunately, in order for her to go to Japan, she'll need permission from the Japanese government. That means they will need proper identification (ie. passport and birth certificate/documents) as well as a legal guardian relationship between her and your friend. Because all these need to be issued by China, your friend will need to register the little girl. If the girl's family doesn't have records of her birth and never registered her, then the only other way to get these done now is via the orphanage, which means your friend will need to follow the proper adoption procedures to bring the girl back to Japan. I am sorry that's the only way to do so.