可否從經濟學角度分析,因乜所有乘客付出的車資一樣,但總站先上

個人判斷
1.交易費用高 (搜查成本)
如你要把所有人的享有計成等同付出，你需要付出搜查成本，而每個人都查，費用高昂，而且回報不高。
2.厘定費用困難，因為座位的享用觀感不同，取決座位的價值難決定，可能要付出調查成本。

It is because there is excess demand at the price charged by the MTR or buses companies. Therefore, consumers are served by the first come first served basis on the seats. You can imagine if the MTR or buses' companies charged higher prices that are closer to the market clearing prices, the number of people standing will be lesser. As the companies do not charge higher prices, passengers from the bus terminus can have seats, but for those passengers from the bus stops along the route, they might stand in the buses.

都唔一定，有好多交通工具所收車資係唔一樣，例如有空調會貴啲，軟卧又貴過硬企，有床訓嘅又貴過齊坐，又有頭等二倉之分。同統一車資嘅分別係，前者乘客只能享受單一服務，如要upgrade就要再俾錢，而後者乘客同樣享受一樣服務，照你講法祇要有人放棄座位，企位乘客依然可以上座而無須多付車資，但如你由上車至落車都無位坐，係你唔好彩，同經濟學無乜直接關係。