Actually Wikipedia tell you everything that u want... and very detail
If u want more reference:
Highly recommand:
http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/Bio%20100/Bio%20100%20Lectures/protein%20synthesis/protein.htm
http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/dna/index.html
http://www.attotron.com/cybertory/analysis/trans.htm
http://www.bioinformatics.org/tutorial/1-2.html
Basic concept:
DNA- (by transcription)- mRNA- (by translation)- Protein
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Messenger RNA contains genetic information. It is a copy of a portion of the DNA. It carries genetic information from the gene (DNA) out of the nucleus, into the cytoplasm of the cell where it is translated to produce protein.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
This type of RNA is a structural component of the ribosomes. It does not contain a genetic message.
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transfer RNA functions to transport amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
Different combination of amino acid chain will produce different type of Protein
Hope it can help you a bit.