關於acids and alkalis的簡單化學問題

1.
The answer is C.

An acid can react with a metal carbonate to give a salt, water and carbon dioxide. The equation for the reaction of dilute nitric acid with copper(II) carbonate is:
CuCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
or: CuCO3(s) + 2H+(aq) → Cu2+(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
(Note that the copper(II) ion does not change.)

Therefore, a colourless gas of carbon dioxide and a blue solution of copper(II) chloride (or copper(II) ion) are formed.

Obviously, the answer is C.


2.
The answer is C.

A, B and D can give hydrogen with zinc.
Zinc reacts with acids (except that the acid is an oxidizing acids) to give hydrogen gas. All of dilute hydrochloric acid (A), dilute acid in lemon juice (B) and dilute ethanoic acid in vinegar (D) are non-oxidizing. Both of them CAN react with zinc to give hydrogen gas.

C cannot give hydrogen with zinc.
Dilute nitric acid is an oxidizing agent. In the reaction of dilute nitric acid with zinc, dilute nitric acid is reduced to nitrogen monoxide gas, while zinc is oxidized to zinc ion. The reaction will NOT give hydrogen.
3Zn(s) + 8HNO3(aq) → 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 4H2O(l) + 2NO(g)
3Zn(s) + 8H+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) → 3Cu2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) + 2NO(g)
=