碳能否導電?

2009-04-28 11:14 pm
前幾日睇係咪小兒科佢話碳係導唔到電
但係我學既chem就經常以碳作為電極黎電解物質,,即係導到電啦?
係咪咁解?
更新1:

睇清楚d我問題!!

回答 (5)

2009-05-02 1:56 am
✔ 最佳答案
石墨是元素碳的一種同素異形體,每個碳原子的週邊連結著另外三個碳原子,排列方式呈蜂巢式的多個六邊形。由於每個碳原子均會放出一個電子,那些電子能夠自由移動,因此石墨屬於導電體。 石墨是其中一種最軟的礦物。 它的用途包括製造鉛筆芯和潤滑劑,也可作為壓力管式石墨慢化沸水反應爐(RBMK)的中子減速劑。

碳同素異形體指的是元素碳的同素異形體,即純碳元素所能構成的各種不同的分子結構。包括了:


不定形碳(amorphous carbon)
碳納米泡沫(carbon nanofoam)(1997年發現)
碳納米管(carbon nanotube)
鑽石(diamond)
富勒烯(fullerene)
石墨(graphite)
藍絲黛爾石(lonsdaleite)
蠟石(白碳;ceraphite)
碳同素異形體系統橫跨完全極端且十分不同的範圍。

以鑽石及石墨為例:


鑽石是人類已知最硬的礦石;石墨卻是最軟的礦石之一。
鑽石是終極的研磨劑;石墨卻是非常好的潤滑劑。
鑽石是一流的絕緣體;石墨卻是良導體。
鑽石通常是透明的;石墨卻是不透光的。
鑽石的結晶是立方晶系;石墨卻是六方晶系。
鑽石的價值昂貴;石墨卻是普通。
2009-04-29 8:55 pm
The key answer to your question is: those electrodes are actually made of Graphite. Graphite is a form (Polymorph) of carbon. Carbon atoms try to form 4 bonds with each other, as found in graphite and diamond. But in the structure of graphite, each carbon atom only bonds with 3 others. This means there is a free electron that can pass the electrical current in between the layers. As diamond uses all four bonds to form strong cubes, it does not allow electrical current to pass through.

Reason to use Carbon (graphite) electrodes because they are resistant to chemical (acids, base etc) attack and can substitute for platinum in many cases, though carbon may erode faster in severe conditions. However, it does not plate out from or ionize in the solution but simply break away in small chunks during the process.
============================================================
Back to basics: Elemental carbon is NOT an electrical conductor.



2009-04-29 13:48:20 補充:
Do you know diamonds are actually precursors of graphite? All diamonds near surface on Earth are being s-l-o-o-o-o--w-ly transformed into graphite. Diamond is among the hardest substances because of its atoms are bundled in regular cubes, yielding a very strong bond for its structure.
參考: Compilation of my chemistry knowledge, Ran out of room in original submission
2009-04-29 7:58 pm
Carbon係導唔到電,除左graphite(姐係鉛筆蕊)。
因為係chem既碳(姐係carbon electrode)佢係惰性電極,
佢可以令個circuit complete for electrolysis and prevent the reaction between the electrode and the electrolyte.
參考: 自己*
2009-04-28 11:54 pm

圖片參考:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/GraphiteUSGOV.jpg/200px-GraphiteUSGOV.jpg

石墨是元素碳的一種同素異形體,每個碳原子的週邊連結著另外三個碳原子,排列方式呈蜂巢式的多個六邊形。由於每個碳原子均會放出一個電子,那些電子能夠自由移動,因此石墨屬於導電體。 石墨是其中一種最軟的礦物。 它的用途包括製造鉛筆芯和潤滑劑,也可作為壓力管式石墨慢化沸水反應爐(RBMK)的中子減速劑。

碳同素異形體指的是元素碳的同素異形體,即純碳元素所能構成的各種不同的分子結構。包括了:
不定形碳(amorphous carbon)碳納米泡沫(carbon nanofoam)(1997年發現)碳納米管(carbon nanotube)鑽石(diamond)富勒烯(fullerene)石墨(graphite)藍絲黛爾石(lonsdaleite)蠟石(白碳;ceraphite)碳同素異形體系統橫跨完全極端且十分不同的範圍。
以鑽石及石墨為例:
鑽石是人類已知最硬的礦石;石墨卻是最軟的礦石之一。鑽石是終極的研磨劑;石墨卻是非常好的潤滑劑。鑽石是一流的絕緣體;石墨卻是良導體。鑽石通常是透明的;石墨卻是不透光的。鑽石的結晶是立方晶系;石墨卻是六方晶系。鑽石的價值昂貴;石墨卻是普通。
2009-04-28 11:27 pm
石墨可以導電
碳唔一定系石墨
參考: 我


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