Pull factors and Push factors

Differences between pull factors and push factors:

(1) Pull factors attract (pull) people to come, and push factors cause (push) people to leave.

(2) Pull factors are positive (from the perspective of the people being attracted), and push factors ae negative (from the perspective of the people leaving).

Examples:
(1) International Migration
Pull factors for Immigrants: high employment, political stability, good health care system, human rights protection.
Push factors for emigrants: high unemployment, political prosecution, lack of health care system, human rights violation.

(2) Staffing
Pull factors for job applicants: good company reputation, good compensation package, good job security, good training and advancement opportunities, good working conditions.
Push factors for losing staffs: mean or unfair management practice, poor compensation and job security, poor working conditions.
(3) Marketing
Pull factors that attract customers: good quality product and services, good warranty and return policy, convenient shopping.
Push factors that turn customers away: poor product quality and customer service, lack of warranty and return policy, inconvient location.

*it is worth noting that sometimes the same factor can both be a pull and a push factor, from different people's persective.
For example, high unemployment is usually a push factor for emigrants. It can also be a pull factor for immigrants if these immigrnats are retirees who do not need jobs, but could take advantage of the high unemployment, which means cheaper servcies.