中四Basic Demand and Supply

2009-02-26 2:10 pm
1. 點解叫demand <curve> 呢? 書入面的圖大多是直線...奈何書本又沒作任何解釋......請用中四level解答...

2. Demand (schedule) 是不是可以不成比例? 只要符合law of demand就可以?
i.e.
$2->8個
$3->5個
$4->4個
$5->1個
咁plot出來個graph就唔係直線...

3. Why demand is larger if the same quantities are spread over a shorter period?

4. 書入面的exercise, 關於relative price

Ten years ago, it cost $1 to print a photograph.Today, it costs $1.2 to print one.
Ten years ago,an electronic calculator cost $100.Today, a similar model costs $50

a. How has the relative price (in terms of calculators) of printing a photograph changed?

from 1/100=0.01 to 1.2/50= 0.024

b. How has the relative price (in terms of other goods in general) of printing a photograph changed?

我唔知part b 個<in terms of other goods in general> 係咩意思....
更新1:

仲有, 既然Price is determined by market demand and supply, 咁點解係real life中, 仲會有shortage/ surplus 呢?

回答 (2)

2009-02-26 11:27 pm
✔ 最佳答案
hi 希望可以解答到你唔明既野

1) 你要知道supply and demand curve 只係一個theory 去model現實發生既野, 你只要問問自己會發覺幾乎冇一樣野係1蚊你會買10個,10蚊你會買1個
書本上既買只係過分簡化而令你容易D明, demand/supply curve 當然可以唔係直線, 甚至可以upward sloping tim

2) 好似上面咁講, 當然可以唔成比例. 而其實law of demand亦都唔係一個永遠都岩既law, 只不過係大部分既goods都適用咁解, btw, 越貴越多人想買既good有個學術term叫Veblem good

3) 唔係好明「same quantities are spread over a shorter period」係咩意思. 我既理解係supply increase, 所以quantity demanded increase, demand=/=quantity demanded. supply increase係唔會令到demand increase的.

4) 我都唔係好明個問題, 佢又冇俾<other goods>既price你, 我諗佢想話10年前到宜家物價上升左n倍, calculator只係一個except, 所以printing photo price 升左20% 可能相對<other goods in general>黎講應該比10年前跌左卦, (assume <other goods>升多過20%)

5) 你會發現書入面講既supply/demand model係assume perfect efficiency, equilibrium係即時到達的
但係現實中係會有time lag的, 有人想買, 有人想賣, 到佢地交易係需要一段時間的, 而且supply/demand不斷變動, 所以market係唔會長時間都stick係個equilibrium度的->shortage, surplus
或者甚至, 有人想買, 但冇人知佢想買, transaction完成唔到, 都會令equilibrium達至唔到, 呢個係買賣方知道既information唔同既問題
又或者government既intervention...
又或者monopoly...

總之, 你宜家學既野係一D based on 好多unrealistic assumption既理論, 所以你會發現同real world 有好多出入
但係唔好覺得冇用, 因為advance既理論就係build on呢D basic野, 但去除unrealistic既assumption

希望幫到你
參考: 我major econ
2009-02-26 6:51 pm
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