atomic orbital...energy level 問題

高energy,即係解個P.E比較高
由於s orbital既electron係比較penetrating, d orbital既electron比較diffuse, 雖然4s既principle quantum number係大d,距離nucleus遠d,不過如果計埋
shielding effect of inner shell electron,因為佢比較penetrating(可以想像做佢可以穿過1s,2s,2p,3s,3p果d electron cloud),係近nucleus既地方搵到4s electron既機會反而係大d既,所以佢既P.E就比較低,因為P.E既負數同距離成反比.
不過呢,如果1s,2s,2p,3s,3p果d orbital係完全冇fill到,冇electron,如果你放一粒electron係3d,同4s,冇咗shielding effect of inner shell electron,3d既
energy係低d既.