If you can use the computer, you can use its calculator. Do it. If you can't find the shortcut, try Start>Run and type Calc, click Run (Windows).
But really if you can come so far as to ask it on yahoo answers, then you should know the results for 14-5, 13+8 and 4+12. Are you really a first grader?
For a)
--solve for p.
--You must make p by itself.
-----You must subtract 5 both sides of the equation so that p can be by itself.
so...
5 + p = 14
-5 + p = 14 -5
0 + p = 9
p = 9
For b)
---Solve for s.
---You must make s by itself
----Subtract 8 both sides of the equation so that s is by itself
----* change signs so that s can be positive.