銀行資金問題（較深，要高手出手解難）（不要讓問題無人答而要刪除，thanks）

唔知你地有無聽過貨幣供應M1, M2 同M3呢？以下供各位參考：
The Federal Reserve previously published data on three monetary aggregates, but now it only publishes data on 2 of them. The first, M1, is made up of types of money commonly used for payment, basically currency (M0) and checking deposits. The second, M2, includes M1 plus balances that generally are similar to transaction accounts and that, for the most part, can be converted fairly readily to M1 with little or no loss of principal. The M2 measure is thought to be held primarily by households. The third aggregate, M3, which is no longer published, included M2 plus certain accounts that are held by entities other than individuals and are issued by banks and thrift institutions to augment M2-type balances in meeting credit demands; it also includes balances in money market mutual funds held by institutional investors. The aggregates have had different roles in monetary policy as their reliability as guides has changed. The following details their principal components[14]:

M0: The total of all physical currency, plus accounts at the central bank that can be exchanged for physical currency.
M1: M0 - those portions of M0 held as reserves or vault cash + the amount in demand accounts ("checking" or "current" accounts).
M2: M1 + most savings accounts, money market accounts, and small denomination time deposits (certificates of deposit of under $100,000).
M3: M2 + all other CDs (large time deposits, institutional money market mutual fund balances), deposits of eurodollars and repurchase agreements.
中央銀行都要為有問題銀行提供信貸，而美國政府正係做緊呢個工作叫做Lender to the last resort，因為要保障存戶利益。好多經濟書本都有這方面的討論。
希望幫到你！

In my opinion, it is impossible for US keep printing notes, since all the notes on market must be based on gold reserve. Refer to your question, it will be for sure increase inflation by increase money supply.
However, it looks there is no problem on US government financing, just becuse US government can borrow money from international.
And for the bank case, since notes printing is based on gold reserve, and all the things need to monitor and control by the government, so it is impossible for bank to lie how much money they have.

如果發生係北韓,我唔敢抝.佢嘅領導人是否健在都冇人知.
但係美國.有民主,共和兩黨.鬥得係死我活.兩黨以下有自已傳媒同支持者.除非布殊關埋門印俾自己玩.否則有第三者就唔會有秘密.
尼克遜都係俾傳媒踢落台.
阿扁吞國務機要費一樣通曬天.

以上的全是非法的，如果政府授權，那麽政府信任危機可能有問題，而且政府可以印，但是貨幣全訠有紀錄，因為如果少不能救，解決一個危機 最少要 以萬億計美金，一般來是天文數字，不是印一千萬或一憶，所以太大規模，很難不被人發現，我有幾個疑問，先解答
1.要印多少錢
2.如何通過監視
3.為何不會引起通脹
4.政府或銀行這做有何好處，為甚麽要承受這些風險
5.有甚麽人會這樣做，為甚麽佢要咁做
請答，我會再問

2008-09-24 19:42:06 補充：
我的意思佢可以光明正大做，如果是政府，沒有必要有製造虛報的可能，因為幾萬億不是問題，反而一個人可能會做，但有人監視

2008-09-25 20:17:56 補充：
如簽名授權，可能兩個高層或會計師、核數師之類，每間公司都要有。