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Armaments Race
When their relations grew tense, European powers started to arm themselves. They increased their mailitary expendiyure, enlarged their army and navy, and invented new weapons, An armaments race began to develop in Europe.

The naval race between Britain and Germany was particularly fierce. They completes in building dreadnonghts, which were the largest , fastest and most powerful battleships in the world. They wanted to control the sea when war broke out.

At first, European powers armed themselves because they wanted to feel safe. The armamentsrace, however, only increased the fear and suspicion among them.

Alliance System

For their own safety, European powers began to ally with each in the late 19th century . After the Franco-Prussian War, Germany was afraid that France would take revenge on it. So it started the alliance system to isolate France. In1882, it formed the Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy. In response, France, Russia and Britain formed the Tripe Entente in 1907. Europe was then divided into two rival camps. These camps were highly suspicious of each other.

The alliance race system threatened world peace in tqo ways. First , European powers became less willing to settle disputes by peaceful means. This was because they knew their allies wouldsupport them when a war broke out. Second, any quarrel between countries from opposing camps could easily involve all other mambeers. A local war might then develop into a geneal war.

Events leading to the War
In the early 20th century, many international crises and local wars broke out, especially in North Africa and in the Balkans.