relative clause的問題 請進

可能你都會知道，關係代名詞有兩種用法，一種是”限定用法”(Restrictive Use)，此時不加”，”；而另一種是”補述用法”(Continuative Use)，此時加”，”。
Restrictive Use是以關係子句用來限定其先行詞(Antecedent)，如：
I will employ a boy who can speak English well.
(我要僱用一位英語說得很子的男孩）
而Continuative Use，是以關係子句補充說明先行詞，如：
I will employ the boy, who can speak English well
（我們僱用的那位男孩，而他的英語說得很好）
我們大可以留意到，在翻譯時，Restrictive Use的關係子句要先譯在名詞之前。而Continuative Use則是譯在名詞後，並作另句譯。
其實這個”，”影響可以很大，如：
There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury.
（能逃出來而未受重傷的乘客很少＝幾乎沒有）
而
There were very few passengers, who escaped without serious injury.
其意卻是：乘客非常少，然而他們卻能逃出來而沒有受重傷

講完用法，現在回到你的句子：
A new book which has just been released for 3 weeks is already the bestseller of the year.
這句明顯是”限定用法”，所以，並不用加”，”；其意是：
一本只是發行三星期的新書已經成了今年的最暢銷書。
再講你的第二句：
We don't like to live in a place where there is always heavy traffic.

Where其實並不是關係代名詞，而是關係副詞，其意思就等同於：to which, at which, in which，既然已有in which的意思，所以，我們只會說：The house where we are living is very old. 我們大可以留意句子並沒有living in；
同樣道埋，你的句子其實也可以用which，但卻要寫成
We don't like to live in a place in which there is always heavy traffic.
但句子用的字越少越好，所以，我們通常會用：where而不用in which
希望幫到你！

關係子句逗號用法
我們只會在非肯定關係子句中加上逗號

關係子句在句子中間---加上2個逗號
例子:
MK Fashion, which is a famous shop in Mong Kok, was developed by Mr. Tam. (MK服裝店是一間位於旺角的商店, 由譚先生創立。)

關係子句在句子尾部---加上1個逗號
例子:
MK Fashion, which is a famous shop in Mong Kok.
(MK服裝店是一間位於旺角的商店。)

肯定關係子句不可加上逗號
例子:
Do you know the name of the man who developed MK Fashion?
(你知道MK服裝店創辦人的名字嗎?)

問題解答
A new book, which has just been released for 3 weeks, is already the bestseller of the year.

Where/Which使用
因為where是指地方, where是指物件, 事情, 人物, 所以用where

relative clause 分 defining 同 non defining,
如加comma, 後面個句add 入去, 如which has just been released for 3 weeks, 就係non defining,
代表佢冇咁重要, 可以delete 後都對句子冇影響, 但係你個句就唔以delete 個句啦, 因為咁先顯得本書勁。

一個place 後要用 where
人後面用 who
which, 係事件或物件
place where we like
tommy who we love
kicking ball which we like

2008-05-27 10:56:38 補充：
你話delete個prep?
We don't like to live in a place where there is always heavy traffic.
咁你呢句點解唔delete 個 prep.?

i apply for a job which i do not like.
其實都係prep