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The use of a population pyramid is considered the best way to graphically illustrate the age and sex distribution of a given population.
In a populayion pyramid, we can see:
1) the numbers or percentages of males and females in each age group. This type of graphic provides a very clear picture of age-sex composition of a population. It can also be used for displaying future trends in a population.
2) the fertility rate of a population is the single most important influence on the shape of a population pyramid. The more children per parent, the broader will be the base of the pyramid. The median age of the population will also be younger.
3) mortality will also have an influence on the shape; however, it will be far less important an influence than fertility but also somewhat more complex. One would assume that lower mortality rates in a population would result in an older age distribution.