Passive Voice

英文動詞有主動語態 Active Voice 和被動語態 Passive Voice 之分。

如果主語是動作或狀態的「發出者」，動詞就用主動語態；如果主語是動作或狀態的「承受者」，動詞就用被動語態。

例如：
1. John encouraged Mary.﹝約翰鼓勵瑪莉。﹞
2. Mary was encouraged by John.﹝瑪莉受到約翰鼓勵。﹞
※ 第一句的動詞(encouraged) 是主動語態；第二句的動詞
(was encouraged)是被動語態。
動詞的被動語態的總形態是：

BE + 動詞的過去分詞
動詞由主動語態變為被動語態的步驟：
1. 將賓語變為主語；
2. 根據新主語的身和數，並考慮時態，然後決定 (BE) 的形態；
3. 將舊主語放在 (by) 之後構成介詞短語。

1. Simple Present Tense
主動語態： I teach him.
被動語態： He is taught by me.

2. Present Continuous Tense
主動語態： I am teaching him.
被動語態： He is being taught by me.

3. Present Perfect Tense
主動語態： I have taught him.
被動語態： He has been taught by me.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
主動語態： I have been teaching him for a week.
被動語態： 缺

5. Simple Past Tense
主動語態： I taught him yesterday.
被動語態： He was taught by me yesterday.

6. Past Continuous Tense
主動語態： I was teaching him when you came.
被動語態： He was being taught by me when you came.

7. Past Perfect Tense
主動語態： I had taught him before you came.
被動語態： He had been taught by me before you came.

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
主動語態： I had been teaching him an hour before you came.
被動語態： 缺

9. Simple Future Tense
主動語態： I shall teach him tomorrow.
被動語態： He will be taught by me tomorrow.

10. Future Continuous Tense
主動語態： I shall be teaching him when you come.
被動語態： 缺

11. Future Perfect Tense
主動語態： I shall have taught him before the sun sets.
被動語態： He will have been taught by me before the sun sets.

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
主動語態： I shall have been teaching him for an hour before the sun sets.
被動語態： 缺

參考資料自:
http://www.npc.edu.hk/staff/~ngtungying/english_grammar/lessons/lesson35.htm


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被動句/間接

如: 我打開門 (直接)
門被我打開 (間接)

好多時句子都可用不同方法講

2008-04-30 18:29:31 補充：
in eng of example
I open the door (direct)
the door is opened by me (indirect - passive)