會考數學-概率

2008-04-05 1:27 am
In S5B, 40% of students own a video game console, 50% of students own an MP3 player and 60% of students own a video game console or an MP3 player.
(a) If a student is chosen from S5B randomly, find the probability that the student owns a video game console but does not own an MP3 player.
(b) Given that a student owns a video game console, find the probabilty that the student does not own an MP3 player.

On a minibus route, 60% are green minibus and the rest are red minibuses. Among the green minibuses, 40% have Octopus manchines installed. No Octopus manchine have been installed on red minibuses.
(a) Find the probability that the coming minibus has on Octopuis machine installed.
(b) Given that the coming minibus does not have a Octopus machine installed, find the probility that it is a red minibus.

回答 (2)

2008-04-05 6:18 am
✔ 最佳答案
(a)根據題目,60%人至少有1樣東西(或者說是有東西的),而50%人有MP3(可以是有MP3 ONLY或2樣都有),於是得知剩下那10%人就是只有console的人
所以從該班任意抽一個人而他只有console的可能性也是10%

(b)換句話說就是要你求有console的人當中有多少是只有console而沒MP3的
上題計算了只有console的人=10%
而擁有console和只有console不同,不止包括只有console的人,還包括那些2樣都有的人,用返上題的方法,
求出有MP3 player ONLY的 = 60%-40% = 20%
現在我們得到:有console ONLY和有MP3 ONLY的百分比分別是10%,20%
而由於60%的人是有東西的,60%-10%-20% = 30%,剩下的30%就是2樣都有的人
10%+30%=40%,這40%就是擁有console的人的百分比
而這40%人中有10%的人是有console ONLY的,所以剛巧他是那10%的人中一個的P(E) = 10%/40% = 1/4(這裡的10%是指全班的10%,不是指40%的10%)



(a)很簡單,因為只有40%裝了,所以那架車裝了的機率是40%(顏色不計)

(b)即是它是那剩下的60%沒裝八達通機的小巴中的一輛,而由於所有紅色小巴(40%)都沒裝,所以那40%紅色小巴全部包括在沒裝過的那60%小巴內,要求它是一輛紅色小巴的可能性,P(E) = 40%/60% = 2/3



(a)studies Econ or Geog
即是那個學生可以是修ECON ONLY或GEOG ONLY或兩科都修
由於同第一題思路相若,思路分析我就不多講了
percentage of students study Economics ONLY = 75%-20% = 55%
percentage of students study Geography ONLY = 40%-20% = 20%
percentage of students study both subjects = 20%, which is given
所以P(E) = 55%+20%+20% = 95%
*剩下的5%是2科都不修的人

(b)does not study Econ的有1-75% = 25%
他是那25%中的一個
而study Geog but does not study Econ的有20%
即係25%中有20%係study Geog ONLY
所以P(E) = 20%/25% = 4/5

2008-04-05 17:29:50 補充:
yh199312的意見冇錯...我又再次審題不清...sor
(唔怪得CE數學失左個A)
2008-04-05 3:55 pm
gherbghuserbg
我睇你第2題搞錯左=.=
第2題係話"係綠巴之中,有40%係裝左Octopus"
唔係"係全部minibus之中,有40%裝左Octopus".....
因此
2a)ge ans 應係60%*40%=24%
而2b)ge ans應該係40%/(40%+60%*60%)=10/19


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