✔ 最佳答案
past = 過去式
Simple Past Tense 是表達一個過去及已經結束的動作,而這個動作必須給予一個清楚的時間。簡單而言,就是如果我們在知道時間的情況下,我們會用 Past Tense,相反如果不知道時間,我們會用 Present Perfect (continuous)Tense,或 Past Perfect (Continuous)Tense,視乎情況。
因為它的用途基本上得一個,所以我亦不會詳談(實在是沒什麼可談…)。不過它還有一個用法上要注意的地方:
就是當我們把一些消息或新聞(News)告訴別人時,我們會用 Present Perfect Tense 說那件是什麼事,再以 Past Tense 細說那事件裡的細節。
E.g.:My brother has got a reply. He received the letter yesterday afternoon. It was mailed by DHL.
E.g.:I have had a meeting with Jill, it was great, we enjoyed so much.
注意:上述那兩件事用 Present Perfect Tense 的兩句句子,需要有一個先決條件,就是沒有點明時間(i.e.:不會用到 Past Tense 的時間副詞)。
pastperfect = 過去完成式
當我們想表達一個比 Simple Past Tense 更早發生的動作時,就會用上 Past Perfect Tense 或 Past Perfect Continuous Tense,現在先說 Past Perfect Tense。
這個 Past Perfect Tense 與 Present Perfect Tense 雖然名字很相似,但是用法卻有一點兒不同。Past Perfect Tense 不需要像 Present Perfect Tense 般注意什麼 "有沒有準確時間",只要在相比下較 Simple Past Tense 早,便可以交給它去辦了。
E.g.:We were there at 9:00 a.m., but the bus had gone.
E.g.:I studied hard in library yesterday afternoon, because I had got a very bad result. If I don't work hard now, I will fail again.
pastperfect continuous = 過去完成進行式
Past Perfect Continuous Tense 表示一個動作比 Simple Past Tense 更早發生,持續至 Simple Past,有可能會繼續至 Present。它的用法與 Present Perfect Continuous Tense 相同,只是時態推前了個單位。
E.g.:We had been waiting for half an hour when the bus finally arrived.
注意:與 Present Perfect 及 Present Perfect Continuous 一樣,Past Perfect 有強調 "曾經做過" 和 "次數" 的特性。而 Past Perfect Continuous 就有 "做過多久" 的特性。