化學問題，高手請進

1.請列舉九種金屬的普遍特性
-shiny solids when freshly cut
-all metals are solid at room temperature and pressure (expect Hg)
-good electrical conductivity
-good heat conductivity
-malleability
-ductility
-high density
-
(i cannot think any more...sorry)

2.金屬是否愈活潑愈有光澤？請舉例。
I don't think so. Gold is an example, it is the most unreactive metal but it is very shiny. The more reactive metal, I think it will be less shiny as the metal will react with the oxygen in air to form metal oxides. And metal oxides are always have a dull colour.

3.金屬是否愈活潑愈容易起化學反應？
Yes, the metal will lose electrons more readily than others.

4.鋁是不是合金？
No, it is a metal with the atomic number 13.

5.熔點高與導熱性能良好有否直接關係？若某金屬熔點高，但導熱性能差？（或相反）這句話成立嗎？
A substance has a high melting point is dependent on the bonding among the substances. The conductivity of heat is dependent on the electrons around or inside the substances. So there has no direct relationship with that.
If you are asking a metal with high melting point but poor heat conductivity, this is impossible as the metal is a giant metallic structure with having delocalized electrons. The bonding in it is mutli-directional, such that more energy is needed to break down the bonding. As a giant metallic structure have delocalized electrons, it must be a good conductor of heat.

6.那麼燈絲使用鎢的原因是什麼？是因為它熔點高嗎？
Yes, it has high melting point with good electrical conductivity.

7.錫鍍在鐵罐的表層的原因除了抗腐蝕性能高，還有其他主要原因嗎？
Yes, zinc actually is a better choice as it has a higher position in ECS than iron. But when zinc becomes the zinc ions (Zn2+), it is toxic but tin doesn't have thios problem.

8.若某金屬堅硬度低，是否容易塑造不同形狀嗎？
Yes, it can be more easily change the shape as it is less hard.

金屬是否愈活潑愈有光澤？請舉例。
未必。
In atmospheric condition, oxygen is present.
Those reactive metal react with O2 and form oxide layer on its surface.
The oxide layer formed gives dull appearance.
Potassium, sodium is one of the case.

金屬是否愈活潑愈容易起化學反應？
Absolutely.
Those more reactive metal trend to release their outermost shell electrons.
This will make a chemical reaction occurs.

鋁是不是合金？
NO.
鋁(Aluminium) is an element.
It is easy for you to come across products of aluminium alloy like air crafts

熔點高與導熱性能良好有否直接關係？
若某金屬熔點高，但導熱性能差？（或相反）這句話成立嗎？

If you consider metal,
high melting point of a metal is due to the fact that the metallic bond between the sea of electrons and the positive charged metallic ions is strong.
Good electrical conductivity is because of the moblie electrons in the giant metallic structrue.

I illustrate it with copper, silver and gold.
The melting point of glod is 1337 degree Celcius.
The melting point of silver is 1234 degree Celcius.
The melting point of copper is 1357 degree Celcius.
(according to wikipedia)

It is known that silver is a better electrical conductor.
Also, the electrical conductivity of glod is not as good as copper.

In short, there is no obvious relationship between them.
I think this answer can also applicable for the latter one.


那麼燈絲使用鎢的原因是什麼？是因為它熔點高嗎？
For 2nd one, the answer is yes.
Tungsten has a high melting point as 3000 degree celcius.
It can withstand heat produced by large current.

錫鍍在鐵罐的表層的原因除了抗腐蝕性能高，還有其他主要原因嗎？
It can also prevent the contact between Iron and air to prevent rusting.

若某金屬堅硬度低，是否容易塑造不同形狀嗎？
If it is hard, it is difficult to change its shape.