simlarities&differences chemical properties of conc&dil HNO3

Sulphuric acid as an acid – H2SO4 ionises in water
to give H3O+(aq) ions (Both conc. H2SO4 and dil. H2SO4 contain H3O+(aq) ions)
For Examples,reaction with alkali (base) to give salt and
water only ,(neutralization) / reaction with
carbonates (hydrogencarbonates) to give carbon dioxide / action on acid-base indicator,
etc.
e.g. H2SO4 + NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
H2SO4 + Na2CO3 → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
Turns blue litmus red (or, action on other indicators)

Differences in chemical properties：
The oxidizing power of conc. H2SO4 is much stronger than that of dilute H2SO4

Examples：conc. H2SO4 can oxidise metal / non-metal / compounds. It is commonly reduced to SO2
e.g.Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
C + 2H2SO4 → CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
2HBr + H2SO4 → Br2 + 2H2O + SO2
Also,Conc. H2SO4 can act as a dehydrating agent but dil. H2SO4
cannot.
Examples：conc. H2SO4 can dehydrate CuSO4.5H2O / sugar

Conc. H2SO4 is a non-volatile acid but dil. H2SO4 is not.

Example：conc. H2SO4 is used in the preparation of
hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
e.g. H2SO4 + NaCl → NaHSO4 + HCl
H2SO4 + NaNO3 → NaHSO4 + HNO3
Conc. H2SO4 has a high affinity for water.
Dilution of conc. H2SO4 is highly exothermic.

The similarities of conc. and dil. nitric acid are that both acids show acidic properties.

that is, turn litmus paper red and react with carbonate to give carbon dioxide.

The differences of conc.and dil. nitric acid are that in showing acidic properties , conc

acid reacts faster, it means the rate of reaction is higher.

Another difference is that conc nitric acid also shows oxidizing properties. conc nitric

acid reacts with copper to form copper (ll) nitrate and nitrogen (ll) oxide.