simlarities&differences chemical properties of conc&dil HCl

Sulphuric acid as an acid – H2SO4 ionises in water
to give H3O+(aq) ions (Both conc. H2SO4 and dil. H2SO4 contain H3O+(aq) ions)
For Examples,reaction with alkali (base) to give salt and
water only ,(neutralization) / reaction with
carbonates (hydrogencarbonates) to give carbon dioxide / action on acid-base indicator,
etc.
e.g. H2SO4 + NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
H2SO4 + Na2CO3 → Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2
Turns blue litmus red (or, action on other indicators)

Differences in chemical properties：
The oxidizing power of conc. H2SO4 is much stronger than that of dilute H2SO4

Examples：conc. H2SO4 can oxidise metal / non-metal / compounds. It is commonly reduced to SO2
e.g.Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
C + 2H2SO4 → CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
2HBr + H2SO4 → Br2 + 2H2O + SO2
Also,Conc. H2SO4 can act as a dehydrating agent but dil. H2SO4
cannot.
Examples：conc. H2SO4 can dehydrate CuSO4.5H2O / sugar

Conc. H2SO4 is a non-volatile acid but dil. H2SO4 is not.

Example：conc. H2SO4 is used in the preparation of
hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
e.g. H2SO4 + NaCl → NaHSO4 + HCl
H2SO4 + NaNO3 → NaHSO4 + HNO3
Conc. H2SO4 has a high affinity for water.
Dilution of conc. H2SO4 is highly exothermic.

add something to the above...>.<

The concentration of H+ ions in con.hcl is much higher than the dilute one.

The similarities are that conc and dil. HCL show acidic properties.

that is both turn litmus paper red . both react with carbonates to form carbon dioxide.

The differences are that the rate of reaction of conc acid is faster in conc. acid.

Another difference is that conc HCL can form complex with some ions such as copper

(ll) ion. one copper ion reacts with four chloride ions to form [Cu Cl 4]^2-. but dil HCL

cannot do this.