生物, Sea Monkey?

以下是有关Sea Monkey的资料。
Sea-Monkeys (sometimes Sea Monkeys) is a brand name of a variant (known as Artemia salina nyos or Artemia nyos) of Artemia salina, a species of brine shrimp, a type of fairy shrimp – not true shrimp, but a branchiopod. The term "Sea-Monkeys" is a trademark used to sell them as a novelty pet, often advertised in comic books. Brine shrimp originate in salt lakes and evaporation flats.

Biology
Sea-Monkeys can reproduce both sexually (requiring a male and a female) and asexually. When the eggs are produced, there are fewer males than females, probably because they are not essential for reproduction. Females stop reproducing with the males when the males are too few.[citation needed]

Sea-Monkeys have been cited in studies of DNA and sexual behavior, primarily because they are commonly available specimens.

Sea-Monkeys are a cultivated variety, possibly subspecies, of Artemia salina (brine shrimp), sometimes classified as a new species called Artemia nyos. They were bred for their larger size and longer lifespan, making them more suitable as pets than the original breed of brine shrimp. The U.S. Patent 3,673,986 granted in 1972 describes this as "hatching brine shrimp or similar crustaceans in tap water to give the appearance of instantaneous hatching." Advertisements for Sea-Monkeys were widespread in comics in the 1970s, featuring drawings of smiling humanoid creatures that bore little resemblance to brine shrimp. Underneath these pictures was a disclaimer that stated, "Caricatures shown not intended to depict Artemia."

The key observation that allowed unhatched "Sea-Monkeys" to be cheaply packaged, shipped, and handled is that, in certain easily prepared environments, they enter cryptobiosis, a natural state of suspended animation. When released into their aquarium they leave this state and hatch.

[edit] History
Sea Monkeys were first marketed in 1957 by Harold von Braunhut as Instant Life, though Braunhut changed the name to "Sea-Monkeys" on May 10, 1962. Many types of Sea-Monkey kits are now available. The company produces the original Ocean View tank as well as a variety of other products. The Sea-Monkeys company is now part of the Educational Insights corporation, and as of 2005 it is headed by George C. Atamian and son-in-law David Horvitz.

Other companies have distributed pets/toys along the Sea-Monkey model, including one by Wham-O, and "The Swarm", a product from Dr. Jordan's Formulae. In the late 1970s to early 1980s, sachets of "Sea Monsters" were sold in 25-cent gumball machines at A&P supermarkets. When added to water, the packet's contents provided the eggs, salt and nutrients to hatch the brine shrimp.

More recently, an Australian company, Little Aussie Products, has marketed "Itsy Bitsy Sea Dragons", with a different brine shrimp species, Parartemia zietziana,[citation needed] and also including a purple sea snail.

A live-action television program, The Amazing Live Sea Monkeys, based on the comic book advertisements of the 1970s, was produced in 1992.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_monkey
http://www.sea-monkeys.com/html/aboutsm/whatarethey.html

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