what's the difficulties for operating organic farm??

Various difficulties can be noted among the farmers, the primary producers of the organic products, which interfere with the switch to organic agriculture. Farmers are the first link in the chain. It is therefore important to look at the difficulties they encounter.
1. Costs
Additional cost of transition period
Conventional farmers who decide to switch to organic agriculture cannot simply make the switch from one moment to the next. They are required to observe a legally fixed transition period. Their level of costs per unit product will be higher compared to conventional products in that period.
Additional costs of production
Organic farmers have a higher level of costs per unit product. The higher costs are caused by lower yields as a result of halting the use of pesticides and chemical fertilisers. Furthermore, there are additional costs because of higher labour costs. The additional costs differ according to the various types of farming.
2. Lack of know-how
One of the difficulties facing farmers is a severe lack of know-how. Their normal training and experience proved to be inadequate to manage an organic business. The lack of know-how complicates the transition process. In addition, it leads to failures and increases costs.
3. Lack of resources
The R&D potential of suppliers and of the scientific institutions has focused for a century on conventional agriculture. The result is that there are many good resources available on the market for conventional agriculture. There have been no research efforts of this kind made in the past for organic agriculture. This has a strong upward effect on costs. Examples of a shortage of resources are:
- Technology: there is a shortage of labour-saving devices.
- Organic pest control techniques: disease control and weed control using non-chemical techniques open up possibilities (e.g. using predators, laser technology for weed control, mechanical weed control, mixed crops, crop rotation systems). Organic pest control techniques are still in the early stages of development. They are also expensive and availability is still inadequate. The result is a reduction in returns and generally an increase in costs as a result of high labour costs.
- Agrobiodiversity: Species selection and breeding have been focused on conventional agriculture. Species have therefore been tailored to the requirements of that type of agriculture. There have been no tailoring efforts of this kind in the past for organic agriculture. The best basic materials for organic crops are therefore generally not in place.
4. Availability of capital/capital charges
Initially, banks viewed organic farmers with a certain degree of misgiving. Their attitude to business, which involved a sizeable emotional component, the absence of business plans and the lack of an established market position meant that banks thought of them as having a high risk profile, thus reluctance to make capital available and a high-risk supplement in interest rates.

5. Labour
As stated above, organic agriculture is relatively labour-intensive.
6. Enterprise/attitude/image/tools
Organic agriculture was established by people with a strong emotional commitment to nature, the environment, animal welfare and health. This commitment gave them an advantage in terms of determination but it also generated difficulties. Their business attitude sometimes depended on the dictates of the heart rather than of the ledger. There were generally no business plans and, in economic terms, they were taking a leap in the dark. Another group of transitional farms consisted of conventional farms that got into economic difficulties (generally because of the limited size of the farms). They saw the higher prices for organic products as a way out. Since their economic position had already been weakened, this made the transitional period, with the additional expenses, particularly difficult.
I hope this can help with your understanding. =)

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