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Calcium is a basic component of most animals and plants. It occurs naturally in limestone, gypsum, and fluorite, and its compounds are used to make plaster, quicklime, Portland cement, and metallurgic and electronic materials. Atomic number 20; atomic weight 40.08; melting point 842 degC; boiling point 1,487 degC; specific gravity 1.55; valence 2.
Argon is a colorless, odorless, inert gaseous element most abundant, constituting approximately one percent of Earth's atmosphere. Most argon is produced in air-separation plants. Air is liquefied and subjected to fractional distillation. Argon provides an inert gas shield in welding and brazing, in lightbulbs and lasers, in Geiger counters, and in the production and fabrication of certain metals. Atomic number 18; atomic weight 39.948; melting point -189.3 deg C; boiling point -185.9 degC.
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