我想問(壽司的歷史)急!急!急!

壽司的起源

壽司"Sushi"、"酸"即是酸醃製的食物。在公元200年即後漢年代，中國已開始流傳"壽司"這種食製，在辭典中的解釋為以鹽、醋、米及魚醃製而成的食品，宋朝年間，中國戰亂頻仍，壽司正好為走難的充饑食品，而品種更多，由菜蔬類、魚類、肉類，甚至貝殼類都有。公元700年，即奈良年代，出外營商的日本商派將壽司流傳入日本，當時的日本人，用一些醋醃製過的飯團，加上一些海產或肉類，壓成一小塊，整齊的排列在一個小木箱之內，作為沿途的食糧。直至公元1700年，即江戶年間，壽司才於日本廣泛流傳，成為一種普通的食品。


壽司的傳奇

當時壽司的配料已用上各種刺身，稱為『握鮨』即是現今最受歡迎的壽司，其實；除『握鮨』之外，尚有『卷鮨』及『箱壽司』，『卷鮨』是把飯、青瓜、吞拿魚、蛋及醃蘿蔔等材料用紫菜包著。『箱壽司』則先將飯放入木盒中，舖上各式配料加蓋力壓，然後把木盒壽司抽出切開一塊塊，由於狀若箱子，因而得名。

另外，在一般壽司店可以品嘗的『手卷』，其實是『卷鮨』的一種，話說在公元800 年間，由於那些賭徒終日留連賭場Tekkaba，為解決肚餓問題，而又怕飯粒黏著撲克及 手指，故用紫菜將之捲起來，方便食用，漸漸便成為今日的手卷了。

壽司歷史



圖片參考：http://hk.geocities.com/loklok1968/Ico_526.gif
壽司"Sushi"、"酸"即是酸醃製的食物。在公元200年即後漢年代，中國已開始流傳"壽司"這種食製，在辭典中的解釋為以鹽、醋、米及魚醃製而成的食品，宋朝年間，中國戰亂頻仍，壽司正好為走難的充饑食品，而品種更多，由菜蔬類、魚類、肉類，甚至貝殼類都有。

圖片參考：http://hk.geocities.com/loklok1968/Ico_529.gif
公元700年，即奈良年代，出外營商的日本商派將壽司流傳入日本，當時的日本人，用一些醋醃製過的飯團，加上一些海產或肉類，壓成一小塊，整齊的排列在一個小木箱之內，作為沿途的食糧。直至公元1700年，即江戶年間，壽司才於日本廣泛流傳，成為一種普通的食品。

The main idea in the preparation of sushi is the preservation and fermentation of fish with salt and rice, a process that has been traced back to China, and Southeast Asia where fish and rice fermentation dishes still exist today. The science behind the fermentation of fish in rice is that the vinegar produced from the fermenting rice breaks the fish down into amino acids. This results into one of the five basic tastes, called umami in Japanese.[3] The oldest form of sushi in Japan, Narezushi still very closely resembles this process. In Japan, Narezushi evolved into Oshizushi and ultimately Edomae nigirizushi, which is what the world today knows as "sushi".

Modern Japanese sushi has little resemblance to the traditional lacto-fermented rice dish. Originally, when the fermented fish was taken out of the rice, only the fish was consumed and the fermented rice was discarded. The strong-tasting and -smelling funazushi, a kind of narezushi made near Lake Biwa in Japan, resembles the traditional fermented dish.

Beginning in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) of Japan, vinegar was added to the mixture for better taste and for preservation. The vinegar accentuated the rice's sourness, and was known to increase its life span, allowing the fermentation process to be shortened and eventually abandoned. In the following centuries, sushi in Osaka evolved into oshi-zushi, the seafood and the rice were pressed using wooden (usually bamboo) molds. By the mid 18th century, this form of sushi had reached Edo (contemporary Tokyo).[4]

The contemporary version, internationally known as "sushi," was invented by Hanaya Yohei (華屋与兵衛; 1799–1858) at the end of Edo period in Edo. The sushi invented by Hanaya was an early form of fast food that was not fermented, (therefore prepared quickly) and could be eaten with one's hands roadside or in a theatre.[4] Originally, this sushi was known as Edomae zushi, because it used freshly-caught fish in the Edo-mae (Edo Bay or Tokyo Bay). Though the fish used in modern sushi no longer usually come from Tokyo bay, it is still formally known as Edomae nigirizushi.

壽司的起源

現在的壽司跟以前的壽司大大不同。壽司的原點是「熟鮨（Narezushi）」。「熟鮨」是將魚跟飯相互重疊用鹽腌製再使用重石壓住，放上一段時間，經過發酵後自然而然地呈現酸味所製成的發酵食品（猶如泡菜的作法）。據傳「熟鮨」的發源地是東南亞，然後傳至中國經過朝鮮半島後最後傳到日本。