help me! participle phrases 咩黎嫁 10點

Participle phrase 係將兩個句子合埋一句,意思不變,只保留一個動詞
(註:保留兩個動詞則是Relative Clause)
例子
The Children were amazed by the dome. They were speechless.
The Children who were speechless were amazed by the dome.(Relative Clause:2個Verb)
Being amazed / Amazed by the dome, the children were speechless(P.phrase:1個Verb)

Participle phrase 做法
(1) Present Tense/ Past Tense
(a) Active 變成ing (如play/played 變成playing)
(b) Passive 變成 p.p. / being p.p. (如is/was amazed 變成 amazed / being amazed )
你的問題(3) amazed 或 being amazed 意思相同，無分別)
(2) Present Perfect Tense/ Past Perfect Tense
(a) Active 變成 having + p.p. (如 has/had played 變成having played)
(b) Passive 變成 having + been + p.p. (如 has/had been played 變成having been played)

初學者請記口缺 : 2個句子合埋一句,意思不變,保留一個動詞.Subject相同做前面(其實做後面都得,不過要落comma), Subject不相同做後面

They stood at the corner. They were waiting for a bus. (Subject相同做前面)
Standing at the corner, they were waiting for a bus.

We heard the boys. They were shouting to each other. (Subject不相同做後面 )
We heard the boys shouting to each other.

The Children were amazed by the dome. They were speechless. (Subject相同做前面)
Amazed / Being amazed by the dome, the children were speechless.

The boys was frightened by the sudden noise. They ran out of the house. (Subject相同做前面)
Frightened / Being frightened by the sudden noise. They ran out of the house.

The boy had been walking for several hours. He felt tired. (Subject相同做前面)
Having been walking for several hours, the boys felt tired.

口缺只適合初學者,不係百分百對,做法係將有關句子放在相關名字後面,請留意下列句子:
A Bottle was washed up on the beach. She found a bottle with a message in it.
She found a bottle washed up on the beach with a message in it.

http://www.edict.com.hk/vlc/clauses/participleclause.htm
I hope it can help you.

Present Participle Phrase

a. This is used in an active sense, that is the action in the participle phrase is one which the subject actively performs

Example:

Realizing that there was no hope to save his business, he gave up.
In the above sentence, the action "realizing" in the participle phrase (underlined) is actively performed by the subject "he".

b. The action in the present participle phrase is immediately followed by another by the same subject.

Example:

Seeing such a terrible scene, she fainted.
In the above sentence, the action "seeing" is immediately followed by the action "fainted", both of which are actively performed by the same subject "she".

Past Participle Phrase

This is used in a passive sense: the action is done to the subject described by the phrase.

Example:

Exhausted by the morning's work, I got myself a cup of coffee and sat down.
Perfect Participle Phrase

a. used in the active form with "Having" + a Past Participle. It shows that the action takes place before the action described in the main clause.

Example:

Having brushed my teeth, I went to bed.
In the above sentence, the action "brushed" takes place before the action "went'.

b. used in the passive form with "Having been" + a Past Participle. It shows that the action is done to the subject, not by the subject.

Example: Having been trained for 2 years, he has become very skilful in the trade.

Placing the Subject at the Beginning of the Participle Clause

It is possible to have a different subject from the subject of the main clause. In this case, place the subject at the beginning of the participle clause:

a) Subject + Present Participle

The chairman being absent, the secretary chaired the meeting.
Her eyes glistening with tears, she stood up and turned away from the people.
Cats are long-lived creatures, some having a life-expectancy of around twenty years.
b) Subject + Having + Past Participle

All the guests having arrived, the host started the party.
The principal having finished his speech, all parents and students applauded.
c) Subject + Having + been + Past Participle

The subject having been raised, he had no choice but to discuss it.
The deal having been closed, we threw a party to celebrate it.
Participles used as Adjectives

Participles can be used like adjectives, as in the following examples:

Present Participle:

No one was aware of the crying baby.
He had an increasing desire get rich.
Past Participle:

She left the city with a broken heart.
The place looked abandoned.
Adjective(s) + Main Clause

Sometimes, a phrase containing one or more adjectives can function like a participle phrase.

Examples:

Aware of my inadequacy, I tried to work very hard.
Surprised at my reaction, she tried to console me.
Scared and pale, he answered very slowly.
In a similar way, the phrase can also be written with a noun group, followed by an adjective, an adjunct, to describe something which is connected with the subject of a sentence.

Examples:

"What do you mean by that?" Mary said, her face pale.
She stood very erect, her body absolutely stiff.

2007-11-07 22:21:59 補充：
http://www.uottawa.ca/academic/arts/writcent/hypergrammar/phrfunc.html