冰心簡介 150字

Bingxin was one of the most prolific and esteemed Chinese writers of the 20th Century.
Bingxin was born into patriotic family in Fuzhou,Fujian in 1900. In 1913, Bingxin moved to Beijing. The May Fourth Movement in 1919 inspired and elevated Bingxin's patriotism to new high levels, starting her writing career as she wrote for a school newspaper at Yanjing University where she was enrolled as a student and published her first novel.
Later in her life, Bingxin taught in Japan for a short period and stimulated more cultural communications between China and the other parts of the world as a traveling Chinese writer. In literature, Bingxin founded the "Bingxin Style" as a new literary style. She contributed a lot to children's literature in China. Her writings, enriched with her life philosophy, are among the most insightful and beautiful in Chinese literature.

2007-11-05 16:06:19 補充：
about 165 words

Bing Xin

Bingxin was one of the most prolific and esteemed Chinese writers of the 20th Century. Many of her works were written for young readers. She was the chairperson of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles.


Life and Literary Career

Bingxin was born into patriotic family in Fuzhou, Fujian, but moved to the coastal port city of Yantai, Shandong, with her family when she was four. Such a move had a crucial influence on Bingxin's personality and philosophy of love and beauty, as the vastness and beauty of the sea greatly expanded and refined young Bingxin's mind and heart. It was also in Yantai Bingxin first began to read the classics of Chinese literature, such as Romance of Three Kingdoms and Water Margin, when she was just seven. In 1913, Bingxin moved to Beijing. The May Fourth Movement in 1919 inspired and elevated Bingxin's patriotism to new high levels, starting her writing career as she wrote for a school newspaper at Yanjing University where she was enrolled as a student and published her first novel. Bingxin graduated from Yanjing University in 1923 with a Bachelor's Degree, and went to the United States to study at Wellesley College, earning a Master's Degree at Wellesley in literature in 1926. She then returned to Yanjing University to teach until 1936. In 1929, she married Wu Wenzao, an anthropologist and her good friend when they were studying in the United States. Together, Bingxin and her husband visited the different intellectual circles around the world, communicating with other intellectuals such as Virginia Woolf. Later in her life, Bingxin taught in Japan for a short period and stimulated more cultural communications between China and the other parts of the world as a traveling Chinese writer. In literature, Bingxin founded the "Bingxin Style" as a new literary style. She contributed a lot to children's literature in China (her writings were even incorporated into children's textbooks), and also undertook various translation tasks, including the translation of the works of the great literary figure Rabindranath Tagore. Bingxin's literary career was a really prolific and productive one, and she wrote a wide range of works----prose, poetry, novels, reflections, etc. Her career spaned more than seven decades in length, from 1919 to the 1990s.


Philosophy of Life and Legacy

Bingxin was known and respected for her philosophy of love, perseverance, integrity, and optimism. She was full of rich and beautiful emotions with love, as summarized in her life motto and quotation "Love makes everything possible", and she was also really perseverant in her writing career, continuing to write even if she was sick during her old years and saying, "Life begins at eighty". Her writings, enriched with her life philosophy, are among the most insightful and beautiful in Chinese literature. People praised and loved Bingxin for her deep love and optimism, and on her memorial people paid the last respects with thousands of red roses, Bingxin's favorite flower. To this day, people in China (which include lots of children) still remember Bingxin affectionately.

冰心，本名謝婉瑩，1900年出生，
1999年逝世，是中國現代作家中最長壽
的一位。她生於福州，在山東煙台度過
童年，成長於北京。19歲，「五四」運
動在北京爆發，冰心還在唸預科，開始
發表白話小說和散文，不久就成名。她
燕京大學畢業後赴美留學，獲碩士學位，
並獲聘回母校教書，期間結了婚。抗日
戰爭時，她隨夫婿吳文藻去了大後方，
戰後又作為國民政府代表團的眷屬，到
了日本。1951年，全家回北京定居。

在她漫長的一生裡，她的家庭和在
煙台海濱度過的童年，對她影響最大，
她的作品也多與家庭和大海有關。她自
己說，她的作品是寫給小孩子看的，代
表作如《寄小讀者》、《繁星》和《春
水》等，擁有好幾代讀者。

冰心一生履歷






　　冰心，原名謝婉瑩，原籍福建長樂縣，1900年10月5日生于福州市。童年，她在煙台度過了七八載山陬海隅的生活。冰心早期的作品，常常親切地寫到大海。幼年，她廣泛地閱讀了中國古典小說和漢譯外國作品。1912年她考入福州女子師范預科。1913年隨家到北京，進入教會學校貝滿女子中學。1918年，冰心抱著學醫的目的考入協和女子大學預科，后改變初衷，轉學文學。1923年她以優異的成績畢業于燕京大學文科。

　　冰心屬于“五四”新文學運動中涌現出的第一批現代作家，是其中最知名的女作家之一，為文學研究會的重要成員。在新思潮的激蕩下，1919年9月她以“冰心”的筆名發表了第一篇小說《兩個家庭》，揭示了為了事業改良家庭生活的必要性。以后，她又發表了《斯人獨憔悴》等揭示社會、家庭、婦女等人生問題的“問題小說”。與此同時，她寫作散文，1921年發表的《笑》，被認為是新文學運動初期一篇具有典型意義的美文。她還受泰戈爾《飛鳥集》的影響，寫出了300多首無標題的格言式自由體小詩，結集為《繁星》和《春水》，在“五四”新詩壇上別具一格，顯示了女作家特有的思想感情和審美意識，很受讀者歡迎。

　　1923年秋，冰心赴美國威爾斯利女子大學研究院學習英國文學，從這時至1926年，她把自己在旅途和異國的見聞感受以及對往事的追憶，陸續寫成親昵懇切的29封寄小朋友的信，發表在《晨報》的《兒童世界》專欄，并結集為《寄小讀者》于1926年出版。這是冰心早期散文的代表作，也是中國現代最早的兒童文學作品。她的散文比小說和詩歌有更高的成就，在當時被稱為很有魔力的“冰心體”。

　　1926年，冰心在美國獲文學碩士學位后回國，在燕京大學、清華大學和北京女子文理學院任教。這期間創作較少，有影響的作品有《南歸》、《命》、《冬兒姑娘》、《我們太太的客廳》等。這些作品有較多較深厚的社會內容，顯示出冰心對生活的新認識。

　　1936年暑假，她赴歐美游歷，經日、美、蘇、意、英、法、德等國。抗日戰爭爆發后，冰心到重慶，曾主持過《婦女文化》半月刊。

　　1941年到1947年她曾擔任參政會議參政員。1946年夏回北平，斯年冬天，全家去日本。1950年，冰心作為東京大學第一位女教授，在該校講授中國新文學。

　　1951年，冰心從日本回國，在社會主義的新中國，她的生活和創作揭開了新的一頁。

　　1958年和1978年以后，她先后為孩子們寫了《再寄小讀者》和《三寄小讀者》，還寫了散文《歸來以后》、《走進人民大會堂》、《櫻花贊》等。這些散文不僅保持著她獨具的藝朮風格，更在富于時代氣息的廣闊背景上，展示了丰富多彩的生活畫面，呈現出明朗樂觀的色調。

　　1980年她創作的短篇小說《空巢》獲全國優秀短篇小說獎。她的兒童文學作品選集《小桔燈》等，在1980年全國少年兒童文藝創作評獎中獲榮譽獎。

　　1982年上海文藝出版社開始出版五卷本的《冰心文集》，同年出版三卷本的《冰心選集》。

　　冰心還翻譯出版過泰戈爾的詩集、劇作和其他一些外國作家的作品。她于創作之余，致力于保衛世界和平，對外友好和文化交流等工作，多次出國訪問。她曾當選為歷屆全國人民代表大會代表，第五屆全國政協常務委員和中國民主促進會副主席，中國作協理事，中國文聯委員、副主席和名譽主席。

　　1988年7月28日巴金在給《冰心傳》一書所作序中，稱她是“我們新文學的最后一位元老”﹔同時又說“她的頭腦比好些年輕人更清醒，她的思想更敏銳，對祖國和人民她有更深的愛”。

　　主要著作有散文集《寄小讀者》，詩集《春水》、《繁星》，兒童文學集《小桔燈》。另有《冰心著譯選集》（三卷）、《冰心文集》（六卷）等。

　　主要譯作有：（敘）凱羅﹒紀伯倫《先知》（人民文學出版社，1957年），穆拉﹒安納德《印度童話集》（上海少年兒童出版社，1955年），（印度）泰戈爾《吉檀迦利》（人民文學出版社，1955年初版，1983年再版），《泰戈爾劇作選》（人民文學出版社，1958年），《園丁集》（人民文學出版社，1961年），《詩集》（合譯，人民文學出版社，1958年），《詩選》（合譯，人民文學出版社，1980年），《泰戈爾抒情詩選》（香港萬里書店，1959年），《泰戈爾劇作集》（中國戲劇出版社，1959年），《泰戈爾小說選》（合譯，貴州人民出版社，1981年），《泰戈爾詩選》（《吉檀迦利》、《園丁集》，湖南人民出版社，1982年），馬亨德拉《馬亨德拉詩抄》（合譯，作家出版社，1966年），安東﹒布蒂吉格《燃燈者》（人民文學出版社，1981年）等。


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