persent perfect tense [20點]快!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

The present perfect tense is a perfect tense used to express action that has been completed with respect to the present. (It is considered a present tense, not a past tense, since the resulting state is in the present.) "I have finished" is an example of the present perfect. The Present Perfect is a compound tense; it is formed by using the present tense of "have" ("have" or "has") and the past participle of a verb. In the above example, the past participle "finished" is the main verb, while "have" is the auxiliary verb.

This construction is one of the hardest points of grammar for people to understand. It is used to refer to a subject's past actions or states while keeping the subject in a present state of reference or in a present state of mind. Think of the words in the construction separately: "have" (or "has") is in the present, and the past participle is in the past. For example, "I have gone to the cinema" implies that the subject has completed a certain action (this is what "gone" relates), but that the subject is, in a sense, "holding" or "possessing" that completed action in the present time (this is what "have" relates). In other words, the subject is in a current state (now), and a past action that the subject has done or a past state that the subject has been in, is being referred to from the current state of the subject, which is the present time. This differs from the simple past tense, i.e., "I went to the cinema", which implies only that an action happened, with the subject having no relationship at all to the present.

In summary, both the present perfect tense and simple past tense are used for past actions or states, but the present perfect describes the present state of the subject as a result of a past action or state (i.e., the subject is being talked about in the present), whereas the simple past describes solely a past action or state of the subject (i.e., the subject is being talked about in the past).

In other words, it places the subject in the result phase of the event.

e.g.
The boy has seen the car.

I have left Argentina for now.


he/she/it use has
I/we/you/they use have

some e.g. of pp

talk---talked
hire---hired
do---done
say---said
eat---eaten
write---written
beat---beaten
sing---sung

persent perfect tense 現在完成式----(1)剛剛完成 (2)完成了一段時間
(3)見到這些字 already, just, yet, ever, never, since, for two days .

has/have + past participle(過去分詞)

I ,You, We, They,之後用have
He, She, It, 之後用 has

如:(1) I have finished my homework.
(2) She has lived in Hong Kong since ten years.
(3) They have eaten an apple already.