✔ 最佳答案
Air pollution
- concentration of atmospheric pollutants
- emission from industry and automobile
- main pollutants: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide (due to burning of coal and oil), nitric oxide, particles (from industry), lead (from automobile), radioactive elements (due to nuclear plants)
- other sources: power plants, incinerators, metal works, chimneys, vehicle fumes, industry etc
impact
(1) lower visibility
(2) pollution of air
(3) respiratory diseases
(4) more rainfall (more condensation)
(5) fog, smog
Solution
- better urban planning: separation of polluted area and residential area
- better engine and inspection
- prosecution and legislation
- more green belt
- use of unlead petrol
- expressway: reduce emission from cars
Water pollution
Due to agriculture, industrial, residential and oil spills
- pollution: anaerobic situation
- low pH value (acidic): decreasing micro-organisms in river
- rising turbidity level failure to carry out photosynthesis in river
- suspended loads: poisonous
Impact
- affect water supply
- high cost of treatment
- bacterial growth
- fishery: heavy metal
- affect fish yield
- growth of weeds
- contamination of underground water
Solution
- remove sludge
- control on discharge
- restriction on the use of polluted river
- treatment plants
- legislation, education
Noise pollution
Causes
- lack of space in urban area, very closed transport network and building very serious noise pollution
- high building: noise hard to disperse
- industrial growth with great difficulties to reduce noise level
- take-off by aircraft
- construction sites (building sites and transport routes)
Solutions
- prosecution
- restriction ordinance not to allow noise at midnight
- noise barriers