什麼是「火三角」呢?

火三角，是一個簡單模型，能讓人知道一場火災所需要的成份，也是消防工作常會用到的概念。但現時已出現一個更詳盡的模型，稱為「火四面體」。

「火三角」闡明了一場火的燃燒之規律，只要齊備以下三種元素：熱量、燃料及氧氣，一場火方能成功燃燒，缺一不可。因此只要把任何一種元素移除，這場火方能成功撲滅。在自然環境中，如果上述三種元素的比例恰當，便可產生一場火災。

當燃料用盡，火便會自行熄滅。當然，亦可以人手或化學方式將燃料與火分隔，使之熄滅。將燃料隔開是滅火的主要方法，於撲滅山林大火時此點尤其重要。Fuel can be removed naturally, as where the fire has consumed all the burnable fuel, or manually, by mechanically or chemically removing the fuel from the fire. Fuel separation is an important factor in wildland fire suppression, and is the basis for most major tactics. Other fuels may also be chemically altered to prevent them from burning at ordinary temperatures, perhaps as part of a fire-prevention measure.

沒有足夠熱量，就不能產生火及繼續燃燒。某幾類火可以灑水澆熄，因為以水澆火，水會轉化成水蒸氣，帶走熱量。但要留意，某些火在遇水時會加劇燃燒或蔓延開去。將正在燃燒的燃料分開亦可有效降低熱量。山林大火時，已經著火的樹木會被隔開或移離火場，轉移到沒有其他可燃物的地方。Heat can be removed by dousing some types of fire with water; the water turns to steam, taking the heat with it. Note that water will actually increase or spread some other types of fires. Separating burning fuels from each other can also be an effective way to reduce the heat. In forest fires, burning logs are separated and placed into safe areas where there is no other fuel. Scraping embers from a burning structure also removes the heat source. Turning off the electricity in an electrical fire removes the heat source, although other fuels may have caught fire and continue burning until the firefighter addresses them and their fire triangles too.

Oxygen may be removed from a fire by smothering it with an aqueous foam, or some inert gas (e.g., carbon dioxide, Halon), dry chemicals, or enclosing it where the fire will quickly use up all of the available oxygen. A candle snuffer uses this principle. Oxygen for the fire may also be instantaneously consumed, if only for a moment, by more 『sophisticated』 means such as using explosives to 『snuff』 an oil well gas fire. Once the gas fire is out, it is not hot enough to start again, but workers must be extremely careful not to create sparks! See Red Adair .


[編輯] 火四面體

火四面體「火三角」雖為有用的教學工具，但火災中持續性的化學反應，「火三角」未能辨認得到，因此便出現了「火四面體」，加入了持續化學反應，作為第四種火災元素。因有不少火災均在有齊「火三角」元素的情況下未能點燃，或是熄滅。在一些情況下，「火三角」仍不足應用在一些化學火災處理上。

一場火災通過燃燒過程，其化學反應使之溫度更高並能持續下去，傳統的「火三角」能應用在不少火災上，但如果火災涉及到鋰、鎂等活躍金屬的燃燒，清除「火四面體」中的化學反應元素便能用得著，因單向此等火源射水，會使化學反應加劇，不但不能降溫，反使火源溫度更高，甚至會發生爆炸，因水會使之引起放熱反應，釋出易燃的氫氣。因此，此等火災需以切斷燃燒的連鎖反應來撲滅。


[編輯] 請參閱
二氧化碳
燃燒
火
消防
滅火筒
惰性氣體
氧
山火
取自"http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&variant=zh-hk"

火三角

本條目仍然有文字尚未被翻譯成中文，條目是根據其他語言的維基百科內容進行翻譯。
歡迎您積極參與翻譯與修訂，目前翻譯的進度為1%。


火三角，是一個簡單模型，能讓人知道一場火災所需要的成份，也是消防工作常會用到的概念。但現時已出現一個更詳盡的模型，稱為「火四面體」。

「火三角」闡明了一場火的燃燒之規律，只要齊備以下三種元素：熱量、燃料及氧氣，一場火方能成功燃燒，缺一不可。因此只要把任何一種元素移除，這場火方能成功撲滅。在自然環境中，如果上述三種元素的比例恰當，便可產生一場火災。

當燃料用盡，火便會自行熄滅。當然，亦可以人手或化學方式將燃料與火分隔，使之熄滅。將燃料隔開是滅火的主要方法，於撲滅山林大火時此點尤其重要。Fuel can be removed naturally, as where the fire has consumed all the burnable fuel, or manually, by mechanically or chemically removing the fuel from the fire. Fuel separation is an important factor in wildland fire suppression, and is the basis for most major tactics. Other fuels may also be chemically altered to prevent them from burning at ordinary temperatures, perhaps as part of a fire-prevention measure.

沒有足夠熱量，就不能產生火及繼續燃燒。某幾類火可以灑水澆熄，因為以水澆火，水會轉化成水蒸氣，帶走熱量。但要留意，某些火在遇水時會加劇燃燒或蔓延開去。將正在燃燒的燃料分開亦可有效降低熱量。山林大火時，已經著火的樹木會被隔開或移離火場，轉移到沒有其他可燃物的地方。Heat can be removed by dousing some types of fire with water; the water turns to steam, taking the heat with it. Note that water will actually increase or spread some other types of fires. Separating burning fuels from each other can also be an effective way to reduce the heat. In forest fires, burning logs are separated and placed into safe areas where there is no other fuel. Scraping embers from a burning structure also removes the heat source. Turning off the electricity in an electrical fire removes the heat source, although other fuels may have caught fire and continue burning until the firefighter addresses them and their fire triangles too.

Oxygen may be removed from a fire by smothering it with an aqueous foam, or some inert gas (e.g., carbon dioxide, Halon), dry chemicals, or enclosing it where the fire will quickly use up all of the available oxygen. A candle snuffer uses this principle. Oxygen for the fire may also be instantaneously consumed, if only for a moment, by more 『sophisticated』 means such as using explosives to 『snuff』 an oil well gas fire. Once the gas fire is out, it is not hot enough to start again, but workers must be extremely careful not to create sparks! See Red Adair .

_________________________________________________________________-




火四面體



「火三角」雖為有用的教學工具，但火災中持續性的化學反應，「火三角」未能辨認得到，因此便出現了「火四面體」，加入了持續化學反應，作為第四種火災元素。因有不少火災均在有齊「火三角」元素的情況下未能點燃，或是熄滅。在一些情況下，「火三角」仍不足應用在一些化學火災處理上。

一場火災通過燃燒過程，其化學反應使之溫度更高並能持續下去，傳統的「火三角」能應用在不少火災上，但如果火災涉及到鋰、鎂等活躍金屬的燃燒，清除「火四面體」中的化學反應元素便能用得著，因單向此等火源射水，會使化學反應加劇，不但不能降溫，反使火源溫度更高，甚至會發生爆炸，因水會使之引起放熱反應，釋出易燃的氫氣。因此，此等火災需以切斷燃燒的連鎖反應


請參閱
二氧化碳
燃燒
火
消防
滅火筒
惰性氣體
氧
山火
取自"http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92&variant=zh-hk"

氧 燃料 溫度

形成火三角的三項因素只要其中一項消失了，就會停止燃燒．如把火場的溫度降低，那麼溫度變會降低，慢慢溫度便會低於燃點，火勢便漸漸受到控制，最後火便會熄滅．

火三角是:

燃 溫 氧氣
料 度

火三角

　　助燃的氣體中，一種不可不提的氣體便是氧了．不過須達至一定的溫度氧才能燃燒．在整個過程中，燃料，氧氣和溫度必須互相配會，缺一不可．

　

燃料

　燃燒的物質包括燃料．有些是易燃物質，如棉花，酒精和天拿水等．但銅和鐵等金屬就是不容易燃燒的物質了．此外，有些不會燃燒的物質可成救光之用，如氦，氬，二氧化碳和水等．

　

溫度

　　燃燒須達至某一溫度，而不同你物質就要達到不同的溫度高低，這個溫度稱為燃點了．燃點溫度末能達到的物質，是不會燃著的，比方說，較低燃點溫度的物質是比較容易燃燒的，而不容易燃燒的物質則有較高的燃點．

　

滅火原理

　　形成火三角的三項因素只要其中一項消失了，就會停止燃燒．如把火場的溫度降低，那麼溫度變會降低，慢慢溫度便會低於燃點，火勢便漸漸受到控制，最後火便會熄滅．

分别是可燃物如燃料(fuel)，助燃物如氧气(oxygen)及温度要达到燃点--热量(heat)，称为燃烧三要素--火三角(fire triangle)。

火三角

[編輯首段]維基百科，自由的百科全書

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圖片參考：http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Translation_arrow_zh.svg/60px-Translation_arrow_zh.svg.png

本條目仍然有文字尚未被翻譯成中文，條目是根據其他語言的維基百科內容進行翻譯。
歡迎您積極參與翻譯與修訂，目前翻譯的進度為1%。


圖片參考：http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/d/dd/Fire_triangle.png

火三角
火三角，是一個簡單模型，能讓人知道一場火災所需要的成份，也是消防工作常會用到的概念。但現時已出現一個更詳盡的模型，稱為「火四面體」。
「火三角」闡明了一場火的燃燒之規律，只要齊備以下三種元素：熱量、燃料及氧氣，一場火方能成功燃燒，缺一不可。因此只要把任何一種元素移除，這場火方能成功撲滅。在自然環境中，如果上述三種元素的比例恰當，便可產生一場火災。
當燃料用盡，火便會自行熄滅。當然，亦可以人手或化學方式將燃料與火分隔，使之熄滅。將燃料隔開是滅火的主要方法，於撲滅山林大火時此點尤其重要。Fuel can be removed naturally, as where the fire has consumed all the burnable fuel, or manually, by mechanically or chemically removing the fuel from the fire. Fuel separation is an important factor in wildland fire suppression, and is the basis for most major tactics. Other fuels may also be chemically altered to prevent them from burning at ordinary temperatures, perhaps as part of a fire-prevention measure.
沒有足夠熱量，就不能產生火及繼續燃燒。某幾類火可以灑水澆熄，因為以水澆火，水會轉化成水蒸氣，帶走熱量。但要留意，某些火在遇水時會加劇燃燒或蔓延開去。將正在燃燒的燃料分開亦可有效降低熱量。山林大火時，已經著火的樹木會被隔開或移離火場，轉移到沒有其他可燃物的地方。Heat can be removed by dousing some types of fire with water; the water turns to steam, taking the heat with it. Note that water will actually increase or spread some other types of fires. Separating burning fuels from each other can also be an effective way to reduce the heat. In forest fires, burning logs are separated and placed into safe areas where there is no other fuel. Scraping embers from a burning structure also removes the heat source. Turning off the electricity in an electrical fire removes the heat source, although other fuels may have caught fire and continue burning until the firefighter addresses them and their fire triangles too.
Oxygen may be removed from a fire by smothering it with an aqueous foam, or some inert gas (e.g., carbon dioxide, Halon), dry chemicals, or enclosing it where the fire will quickly use up all of the available oxygen. A candle snuffer uses this principle. Oxygen for the fire may also be instantaneously consumed, if only for a moment, by more 『sophisticated』 means such as using explosives to 『snuff』 an oil well gas fire. Once the gas fire is out, it is not hot enough to start again, but workers must be extremely careful not to create sparks! See Red Adair .