Science: Nobel Prize ( URGENT )

1) Give a brief account of his life.

Alfred Bernhard Nobel (October 21, 1833, Stockholm, Sweden – December 10, 1896, Sanremo, Italy) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor of dynamite. He owned Bofors, a major armaments manufacturer, which he had redirected from its previous role as an iron and steel mill. In his last will, he used his enormous fortune to institute the Nobel Prizes. The synthetic element Nobelium was named after him.

2) Why did he set the Nobel Prize?

Alfred Nobel.The five initial Prizes were instituted by the final will of Alfred Nobel, a Swedish chemist and industrialist, who was the inventor of the high explosive dynamite. Though Nobel wrote several wills during his lifetime, the last was written a little over a year before he died, and signed at the Swedish-Norwegian Club in Paris on November 27, 1895. Nobel's work had directly involved the creation of explosives, and he became increasingly uneasy with the military use of his inventions. It is said that this was motivated in part by his reading of a premature obituary of himself, published in error by a French newspaper on the occasion of the death of Nobel's brother Ludvig, and which condemned Nobel as a "merchant of death."[4] Nobel bequeathed 94% of his total assets, 31 million Swedish Kroner, for the establishment of five prizes.

2007-09-26 13:40:48 補充：
1) Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor of dynamite. He owned Bofors which he had redirected from its previous role as an iron and steel mill. In his last will, he used his enormous fortune to institute the Nobel Prizes.

2007-09-26 13:44:33 補充：
2) The five initial Prizes were instituted by the final will of Alfred Nobel which was written a little over a year before he died. Nobel bequeathed 94% of his total assets, 31 million Swedish Kroner, for the establishment of five prizes.