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Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546) was a German monk,[1] theologian, and church reformer. He is also considered to be the founder of Protestantism.[2]
Luther's theology challenged the authority of the papacy by emphasizing the Bible as the sole source of religious authority and all baptized Christians as a general priesthood.[3] According to Luther, salvation was attainable only by faith in Jesus as the messiah, a faith unmediated by the church.[4] These ideas helped to inspire the Protestant Reformation and changed the course of Western civilization.[4]
Luther's translation of the Bible into the vernacular, making it more accessible to ordinary people, had a tremendous political impact on the church and on German culture. The translation also furthered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation,[5] and influenced the translation of the English King James Bible.[6] His hymns inspired the development of congregational singing within Christianity.[7] His marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage within Protestantism.[8]
Luther is also known for his writings about the Jews,[9] the nature and consequences of which are the subject of scholarly debate. His statements that Jews' homes should be destroyed, their synagogues burned, money confiscated, and liberty curtailed [citation needed] were revived and given widespread publicity by the Nazis in Germany in 1933–45.[10] As a result of this and his revolutionary theological views, his legacy remains controversial.[11][12]




Martin Luther


圖片參考：http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Luther46c.jpg/225px-Luther46c.jpg

Luther in 1529 by Lucas Cranach

Born
November 10, 1483(1483-11-10)
Eisleben, Germany

Died
February 18, 1546 (aged 62)
Eisleben


Occupation
Theologian, priest

Spouse
Katharina von Bora

Children
Hans, Elizabeth, Magdalena, Martin, Paul, Margarethe

Parents
Hans and Margarethe Luther (née Lindemann)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther